富酸油脂无催化快速酯化降酸工艺研究  

Fast Deacidification of Acid-rich Oil by Esterification Without Catalysis

作　　者：李科[1] 陈洁[1] 聂小安[1,2] 蒋剑春[1,2] LI Ke;CHEN Jie;NIE Xiao'an;JIANG Jianchun(Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products,CAF,National Engineering Lab.for Biomass Chemical Utilization,Key Lab.of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Key Lab.of Biomass Energy and Material,Jiangsu Province,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing 210042,China;Institute of New Technology of Forest,CAF,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,生物质化学利用国家工程实验室,国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室,江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心,江苏南京210042 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2022年第3期111-116,共6页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFB1504001-02)。

摘　　要：对富酸油脂进行了甘油无催化酯化降酸的研究,通过实验优化得到了最佳反应条件:甘油与脂肪酸的物质的量比为1.2∶1,反应温度为240℃,反应2 h,酸值即可降至1.66 mg/g以下。优化工艺实现了富酸油脂2 h内快速降酸的目的,且所得产品可直接通过酯交换反应制备生物柴油,FT-IR分析确认了羧酸的消失和甘油酯的形成。GPC分析结果表明了降酸后油脂的组成为甘油三酯21.93%、甘油双酯37.93%和甘油单酯40.14%,所得生物柴油组成仅为脂肪酸甲酯。此外,该工艺的完善还直接补全了“不同酸值油脂制备生物柴油的工艺路线图”,对生物柴油行业发展具有一定的借鉴价值。Using acid-rich oil as raw materials,the acid value was reduced by esterification with glycerol in the absence of a catalyst.The optimum conditions were obtained as follows:the mole ratio of glycerol to fatty acid was 1.2∶1,the reaction temperature was 240℃,and the acid value could be reduced to below 1.66 mg/g for 2 h.The results showed that this process could not only achieve the purpose of fast deacidification within two hours,but also directly produce biodiesel through transesterification.FT-IR analysis confirmed the disappearance of carboxylic acid and the formation of triglyceride.The results of GPC analysis showed that the composition of the oil after deacidification was 21.93%triglyceride,37.93%diglyceride and 40.14%diglyceride.And the obtained biodiesel was relatively pure fatty acid methyl esters.In addition,the improvement of the process also directly completed the"process roadmap of biodiesel production from oils with different acid values",which had a certain reference value for the development of biodiesel industry.

关 键 词：油脂 脂肪酸 酯化反应 生物柴油 脂肪酸甲酯 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TQ645.8