表面活性剂对固黑铝炸药流变性能的影响  

Effect of Surfactant on Rheological Properties of the RDX-based Cast Curing Aluminized Explosives

作　　者：张云龙 程王健 李昆[2] 高立龙[2] 叶宝云 安崇伟 ZHANG Yun-long;CHENG Wang-jian;LI Kun;GAO Li-long;YE Bao-yun;AN Chong-wei(Chemical Industry and Ecology Institute,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2022年第3期419-424,共6页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国防科工局基础产品创新项目。

摘　　要：为了提升固黑铝(GHL)炸药在浇注工艺下的流变性能,将司班80、吐温80、LY-1和氟碳FS-3100等4种表面活性剂加入固黑铝炸药配方中,采用稳态流变测试方法对含不同表面活性剂药浆的流变性能进行了测试,并对非牛顿指数、屈服值、综合流变学因子和黏流活化能进行计算和分析。结果表明,司班80的加入对于固黑铝炸药降黏的效果最显著,但是在60℃、高剪切率时,FS-3100降黏效果更好;加入FS-3100的药浆随着温度的升高,黏度随剪切速率的变化幅度增大;司班80与LY-1都可以增大药浆的非牛顿指数;在剪切速率为1s^(-1)时,黏流活化能大小排序为:LY-1>司班80>吐温80>FS-3100;综合流变学因子大小排序为:FS-3100>司班80>吐温80>LY-1。综合对比,司班80可以最大程度地提升固黑铝炸药的综合流变性能。To improve the rheological performance of the RDX-based cast curing aluminized(GHL)explosives under casting process,four surfactants such as Span-80,Tween-80,LY-1 and Fluorocarbon FS-3100 were added to each formula of GHL explosives.The rheological properties of slurry containing different surfactants were tested by the steady-state rheological test method.The viscous flow activation energy was measured,and the comprehensive rheological factors,yield value and non-Newtonian index were calculated and analyzed.The results show that the addition of Span-80 has the most significant effect on the viscosity reduction of GHL explosives.The viscosity reduction effect of FS-3100 is better than that of the others under the temperature of 60℃and high shear rate.As for the slurry added with FS-3100,the variation range of viscosity with shear rate increases with the increase of temperature.Both Span-80 and LY-1 can increase the non-Newtonian index of the slurry.When the shear rate is 1s^(-1),the order of viscous flow activation energy is LY-1>Span-80>Tween-80>FS-3100.The order of comprehensive rheological factors is FS-3100>Span-80>Tween-80>LY-1.The comprehensive comparison shows that Span-80 can enhance the comprehensive rheological properties of GHL explosives to the greatest extent.

关 键 词：物理化学 固黑铝炸药(GHL) 表面活性剂 高聚物黏结炸药 PBX 流变性能 非牛顿指数 屈服值 综合流变学因子 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ423[化学工程]