变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原分布特点及分析  

Distribution Characteristics and Analysis of Inhaled Allergens in Allergic Rhinitis Patients

作　　者：肖力绵 王松[1] 郑凯 朱薏桦 王燕[1] 张华[1] XIAO Limian;WANG Song;ZHENG Kai(Department of Otorhinolaryngology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Xinjiang 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院耳鼻喉科,乌鲁木齐830045

出　　处：《医学研究杂志》2022年第6期103-107,共5页Journal of Medical Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2020D01C252)。

摘　　要：目的了解哈萨克族变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者常见吸入性变应原的类型及分布特征,为个性化防治、流行病学调查提供依据。方法对321例AR患者行阿罗格皮肤点刺试验,按其性别、年龄分组,比较各组变应原阳性率的差异。结果阳性率排在前3位的变应原分别为藜属(38.24%)、艾蒿(36.56%)、梯牧草(34.84%),艾蒿致敏呈极强阳性;不同性别间进行比较,艾蒿、梯牧草的阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄间进行比较,艾蒿、藜属、豚草、车前草、梯牧草、刺槐、白杨、柳树、白桦、猫毛皮屑在两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中老年组以螨类致敏为主。结论哈萨克族最主要的变应原为藜属、艾蒿、梯牧草,变应原在不同性别与年龄段间分布有差异。Objective To understand the types and distribution characteristics of common inhaled allergens in Kazak patients with allergic rhinitis,and provide references for personalized prevention and epidemiological investigation.Methods 321 cases were treated with Arog skin prick test,and they were divided into groups according to their gender and age.The differences of allergen positive rate were compared.Results The top three allergens were chenopodium(38.24%),artemisia vulgaris(36.56%),phleum pratense(34.84%).Artemisia vulgaris was highly positive for sensitization.The positive rates of artemisia vulgaris and phleum pratense had statistical difference between male and female(P<0.05).The positive rates of artemisia vulgaris,chenopodium,ambrosia,plantago asiatica,phleum pratense,robinia pseudoacacia,poplar,willow,betula platyphylla and cat epithelial.had statistical difference between children group and adult group(P<0.05).The middle-aged and old people were mainly sensitized by mites.Conclusion The most common allergens of Kazak people were chenopodium,artemisia vulgaris,phleum pratense.The allergens distribution has discrepancy among different groups of gender and age.

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 变应原 皮肤点刺实验 

分 类 号：R76[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]