自编码器在浅海小目标前向散射信号检测中的应用  

Application of auto-encoder in forward scattering signal detection of small targets in shallow water

作　　者：刘帅京 许枫[1] 杨娟[1] LIU Shuaijing;XU Feng;YANG Juan(Ocean Acoustic Technology Center,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所海洋声学技术中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第11期171-179,188,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41527901);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0821202);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA13030604)。

摘　　要：针对近距离浅海小目标前向散射信号检测受信道自身起伏影响较大的问题,提出一种基于自编码器的目标检测方法。该方法通过匹配滤波、希尔伯特变换和相位对齐等处理过程获取接收声场的稳态到达结构,利用自编码器无监督地学习无目标时背景声场的稳态结构,然后通过观测自编码器的重构误差能量变化实现目标探测。应用海上试验的蛙人穿越数据进行分析,说明了当收发距离为50 m,目标穿越位置与发射源距离为15 m时,单通道接收声场的探测扰动量大约可达到8 dB以上,联合多通道信号进行训练可进一步抑制背景声场的扰动。试验结果表明该算法在动态海洋环境中能够实现前向散射信号的检测,并可以确定目标的穿越时间。Here,aiming at the problem of forward scattering signal detection of small targets in short-range shallow water being more largely affected by fluctuation of channel itself,a target detection method based on auto-encoder was proposed.With this method,the steady-state arrival structure of receive sound field was obtained through processing processes of matched filtering,Hilbert transform and phase alignment.The auto-encoder was used to unsupervised learn the steady-state structure of background sound field during no target existing,and then the target detection was realized by observing reconstruction error energy change of auto-encoder.Based on analysis of sea test frogman crossing data,it was shown that when the transmit-receive distance is 50 m and the distance between target crossing position and transmitter is 15 m,the detection disturbance of the single channel receive sound field can reach more than 8 dB;the disturbance of background sound field can be further suppressed by training with multi-channel signals.Test results showed that the proposed method can detect forward scattering signal and determine crossing time of target in dynamic marine environment.

关 键 词：自编码器 前向散射信号检测 浅海声场 异常侦测 

分 类 号：TB56[交通运输工程—水声工程] TP391.4[理学—物理]