运动员冷环境暴露相关呼吸系统疾病的预防和治疗  

Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases Related to Cold Exposure in Athletes

作　　者：杨倩文 朱昱彦 边原 杜姗[1,2] 童荣生 何霞[1,2] 刘心霞 YANG Qianwen;ZHU Yuyan;BIAN Yuan;DU Shan;TONG Rongsheng;HE Xia;LIU Xinxia(School of Medicine,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054,China;Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Department of Pharmacy,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学医学院,成都600054 [2]四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院/电子科技大学附属医院药学部·个体化药物治疗四川省重点实验室,成都610072

出　　处：《医药导报》2022年第6期800-805,共6页Herald of Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2005500);四川省科技厅重点研发计划(2021YFS0387);四川省科技厅重点研发计划(2019YFS0514);四川省卫生健康委员会科研课题(19PJ269);四川省人民医院博士基金课题(2015BS04)。

摘　　要：冬季项目的运动员经常暴露在冷环境中运动,会大量吸入相对寒冷干燥的空气,触发气道生理学改变,容易诱发呼吸系统疾病,包括上呼吸道感染(URTI)、运动诱发支气管收缩(EIB)、上气道咳嗽综合征(UACS)和运动诱发性喉梗阻(EILO)等,这些疾病可能影响运动员健康状况、运动能力和比赛成绩。该文对冷环境暴露下的运动相关呼吸系统疾病URTI、EIB、UACS、EILO等进行概述,并基于运动员用药的特殊要求探讨防治措施,以期为冬奥会运动员的备战参赛策略和医务人员的医疗保障实践提供参考。Winter sports athletes are often exposed to cold environment and they inhale a large amount of relatively cold and dry air which will trigger airway physiology changes and efficiently induce respiratory diseases,including upper respiratory tract infection(URTI),exercise-induced bronchoconstriction(EIB),upper airway cough syndrome(UACS),and exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction(EILO).These disorders can affect health,athletic abilities,and performance of athletes.This paper summarizes the sports-related respiratory diseases under the exposure to cold environment,such as URTI,EIB,UACS,and EILO.It discusses the prevention and treatment measures based on the unique requirements of athletes'medication,to provide a reference for athletes'preparation strategies and the medical practice of medical personnel.

关 键 词：冷环境 上呼吸道感染 运动诱发的支气管收缩 上气道咳嗽综合征 运动诱发性喉梗阻 

分 类 号：R974[医药卫生—药品] R562[医药卫生—药学]