育儿经济成本的阶层差异  

The Class Differences in Economic Cost of Childrearing

作　　者：王俊 石人炳 Wang Jun;Shi Renbing

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学社会学院

出　　处：《青年研究》2022年第3期14-26,94,共14页Youth Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“全面二孩背景下妇女生育率的群体差异与政策供给精准化研究”(20CRK023);国家社会科学基金一般项目“性别失衡背景下的城乡异向婚姻挤压问题研究”(21BRK005)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在社会分层与代际地位再生产理论视角下,以抚育孩子对家庭经济生活的影响程度作为测量指标,使用2010—2018年“中国家庭动态追踪调查”数据,考察育儿经济成本的阶层差异。研究发现,家庭的教育地位、经济地位和职业地位对育儿的经济成本具有不同性质的影响;受教育程度较高、经济收入较低与体制外就业的家庭,抚育孩子的经济成本更高;育儿经济成本的年龄段分布因阶层而异,低收入家庭抚育3—5岁孩子的经济成本更高。建议在精准施策、有效降低家庭育儿成本的同时,关注中低阶层家庭的社会流动期待和对孩子教育、抚育质量的追求,以促进家庭发展以及整个社会的均衡可持续发展。Under the theoretical perspective of social stratification and intergenerational status reproduction,this article takes the influence degree of rearing children on family economic life as the measurement indicator,and uses the related data of “Chinese Family Panel Studies” from 2010 to 2018 to examine the class differences in economic cost of childrearing.According to the findings,the families’ educational status,economic status and occupational status have different influences on economic cost of childrearing;for the families with higher educational level,lower economic income and employment outside the system,the economic cost of childrearing is higher;regarding the economic cost of childbearing,the distribution of age groups varies with class;for the low-income families rearing 3 to 5 years old children,the economic cast is higher.We should targetedly implement the policy,effectively reduce the families’ economic cost of childrearing;meanwhile,we should also pay attention to the social mobility expectation among low and middle class families,and their pursuit for children education and childrearing quality,hence promote the balanced and sustainable development of the families and even the whole society.

关 键 词：育儿经济成本 阶层地位 孩子年龄段 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济] C913.1[社会学]