冶金法生产太阳能级硅的除硼方法、技术及工艺  

Boron Removal Method,Technology and Process for Producing Solar Grade Silicon by Metallurgical Method

作　　者：曾毅 任永生[1,2,3] 马文会 陈辉[2] 詹曙 曹静[1] Yi Zeng;Yongsheng Ren;Wenhui Ma;Hui Chen;Shu Zhan;Jing Cao(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Department of Materials Engineering,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo 113-8656,Japan;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Computer and Information,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]东京大学材料工程学院,东京113-8656 [3]北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室,北京100083 [4]合肥工业大学计算机与信息学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《化学进展》2022年第4期926-949,共24页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.52104303)、国家自然科学基金云南联合基金项目(No.U1702251);北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室基金项目(No.KK21-07)资助。

摘　　要：太阳能作为一种绿色可再生能源受到了广泛关注,而杂质去除是从冶金级硅中获得太阳能级硅所需的纯化过程,对硅基太阳能电池的制备至关重要。冶金法制备太阳能级多晶硅新工艺技术由于其能耗低、成本低和污染少等优点,成为研究开发的热点,但如何有效地去除硼是我们面临的最严峻的挑战之一。本文综述了硼的热力学和动力学性质(溶解度、扩散率、扩散系数、传质系数和活度系数)以及近年来除硼的相关课题研究(吹气、炉渣处理、等离子体处理、酸浸和溶剂精炼)。研究发现,溶剂精炼是一种很有前途的获取高纯硅的方法,硅的富集率以及硼的去除率均可达到90%以上,而添加剂能够加强硼化物的形成和析出来改进除硼工艺,且后续几乎可被完全消除,不会对精炼硅造成污染,这将更加有效除硼并增加工艺实用性。最后本文对几种除硼工艺进行了比较分析,并对冶金法的应用前景进行了展望。As a kind of green renewable energy,solar energy has attracted wide attention,and impurity removal is a necessary purification process to obtain solar grade silicon from metallurgical grade silicon,which is very important for the preparation of silicon-based solar cells.The new technology for preparing solar grade polysilicon by the metallurgical method has become the focus of research and development because of its advantages such as low energy consumption,low cost and less pollution.However,the effective removal of boron is one of the most severe challenges we face.In this paper,the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of boron(solubility,diffusivity,diffusion coefficient,mass transfer coefficients and activity coefficient)and the research topics of boron removal in recent years(gas blowing,slag treatment,plasma treatment,acid leaching and solvent refining)are reviewed.It is found that solvent refining is a promising method to obtain high purity silicon.The enrichment rate of silicon and the removal rate of boron can reach more than 90%.Additives can strengthen the formation and precipitation of borides to improve the boron removal process,and the subsequent almost can be completely eliminated,which will not cause pollution to the refined silicon,which will be more effective in boron removal and increase the practicability of the process.At the end of the paper,several deboration processes are compared and analyzed,and the application prospect of metallurgical process is forecasted.

关 键 词：太阳能 冶金级硅 除硼 冶金法 硅提纯 

分 类 号：TF89[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]