改进的角变换零偏移距成像方法研究  

Improved angle transformation zero offset imaging method

作　　者：周青春 高战武 孙庚文 谢桂生 李国都 Kondrashkov V V ZHOU QingChun;GAO ZhanWu;SUN GengWen;XIE GuiSheng;LI GuoDu;Kondrashkov V V(China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center,Beijing 100029,China;Land Ocean Energy Services Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China;All-Russian Research Institute of Geophysical Prospecting Technology,Moscow 101000,Russia)

机构地区：[1]中国地震灾害防御中心,北京100029 [2]恒泰艾普集团股份有限公司,北京100094 [3]俄罗斯全俄地球物理研究院,莫斯科101000

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2022年第7期2649-2660,共12页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：中国地震局地震科技星火计划项目(XH22014A);国家重点研发计划“中国海域及邻区活动构造框架研究”(2017YFC1500401-01)联合资助。

摘　　要：本文基于椭圆展开成像原理,引入地震波入射角和地层倾角两个参数推导出了角变换零偏移距成像方法,该方法只使用两个角度实现零偏移距成像,但成像存在强干涉噪声问题.针对该问题,并从实际生产应用方面考虑,推导出了分别使用地震波入射角、地层倾角、速度和地层倾角进行成像的三种改进方法,通过对比分析,优选实现了含有速度和地层倾角的改进的角变换零偏移距成像方法,通过数学分析、数值模型和实际资料处理证实了新方法的有效性:新方法没有地下反射层为水平的前提假设条件,地下反射层可以倾斜或弯曲;均匀介质条件下新方法可以求取真实的地下速度和地层倾角,实现真正的零偏移距成像处理,这和CMP类方法有本质区别;对复杂地下介质,新方法也可以实现较好的零偏移距成像处理.Based on the ellipse expansion principle,the angle transformation zero offset imaging algorithm is derived by introducing two parameters of seismic wave incident angle and stratigraphic dip angle in this paper.This method can realize zero offset imaging with only these two angles.However,strong interference noise exists during imaging.Aiming at this problem and the production application,three improved methods,using seismic wave incident angle only,stratigraphic dip angle only,velocity and stratigraphic dip angle together have been derived.By comparing these three methods,we optimized and realized the successful application of improved angle transformation zero offset imaging algorithm with velocity and stratigraphic dip angle.Through the mathematical analysis,numerical model and the real data processing,the effectiveness of the new method is verified.The new method does not need the assumed condition that the subsurface reflection layer has to be horizontal.In addition,the subsurface reflection layers can be dip or bending.In the condition of homogeneous medium,the real subsurface velocity and stratigraphic dip angle can be estimated,and the real zero offset imaging can be realized with the new algorithm,which is essentially different from CMP methods.For the complex subsurface medium,the new method can also perform a better zero offset imaging.

关 键 词：地震波入射角 地层倾角 速度 角变换 零偏移距成像 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]