基于Landsat的粤港澳大湾区水面率演变分析  

Analysis of Water Surface Ratio Evolution in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Based on Landsat

作　　者：姜欣彤 廖小龙[1] 全栩剑 薛娇 钟逸轩 于百顺 JIANG Xintong;LIAO Xiaolong;QUAN Xujian;XUE Jiao;ZHONG Yixuan;YU Baishun(China Water Resources Pearl River Planning,Surveying and Designing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广东广州510610

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第6期21-27,共7页Pearl River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508200)。

摘　　要：适宜的城市水面率对改善城市地区生态质量和提高城市生活空间质量具有至关重要的作用。借助RS与GIS技术,以免费开放的光学遥感数据Landsat影像作为数据源,利用水体指数NDWI和植被指数NDVI构建自动水体判别模型,以此开展粤港澳大湾区核心城市近20年来水面率演变分析。结果分析表明,近20年来,粤港澳大湾区水域面积共减少了136 km^(2),水面率从4.48%减少到4.22%;粤港澳大湾区各城市中,水域面积减少最多的城市为江门市,水域面积减少44.20 km^(2),水面率从6.10%减少到5.62%,其次是佛山市,水域面积减少32.34 km^(2),水面率从13.17%减少到12.32%;澳门、香港、惠州、肇庆水域面积减少不超过10 km^(2);广州、深圳水域面积减少不超过20 km^(2)。对粤港澳大湾区土地利用类型做转移矩阵分析,得出水域面积减少的主要原因是建筑用地的增加侵占了原有的水域范围。研究成果可为粤港澳大湾区城市群水资源合理利用和水生态建设工作提供理论和方法支持,同时对推进粤港澳大湾区生态文明建设和加强环境保护具有重要的参考意义。An appropriate urban water surface ratio plays a vital role in improving the ecological quality of urban areas and the quality of urban living space.By RS and GIS technology,the research takes the free and open source optical remote sensing data,Landsat images,as the data source and uses the normalized difference water index(NDWI)and the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)to construct an automatic water body discrimination model.In this way,we can analyze the evolution of the water surface ratio in the core cities of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(Greater Bay Area)in the past two decades.The result analysis reveals that in the past 20 years,the water area of the Greater Bay Area has been decreased by 136 km^(2),and the water surface ratio is reduced from 4.48%to 4.22%.Among the cities in the Greater Bay Area,the city with the largest reduction in the water area is Jiangmen,with a decline of 44.20 km^(2),and its water surface ratio falls from 6.10%to 5.62%.Foshan follows Jiangmen,with a water area decrease of 32.34 km^(2),and its water surface ratio drops from 13.17%to 12.32%.The water area in Macao,Hong Kong,Huizhou,and Zhaoqing demonstrates a fall of not more than 10 km^(2),and that in Guangzhou and Shenzhen is reduced by not more than 20 km^(2).By the transition matrix analysis of land use types in the Greater Bay Area,we can uncover the main reason for the decline in water area—that is,the increase in construction land invading the original water area.The result of this paper can provide theoretical and methodological support for the rational use of water resources and the construction of water ecology in the cities of the Greater Bay Area.Meanwhile,it can offer an important reference for promoting the construction of ecological civilization and strengthening environmental protection in the Greater Bay Area.

关 键 词：水面率 演变分析 LANDSAT 粤港澳大湾区 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]