一维水动力数学模型在长洲汛末蓄水中的应用  

Application of One-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model in Water Storage at the End of Flood Seasons for Changzhou Reservoir

作　　者：廖小龙 钟逸轩 侯贵兵 靳高阳 LIAO Xiaolong;ZHONG Yixuan;HOU Guibing;JIN Gaoyang(China Water Resources Pearl River Planning,Surveying and Designing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]中水珠江勘测规划设计有限公司,广东广州510610

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第6期28-36,共9页Pearl River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1508200);中水珠江科研项目(ZSZJ-KY-201902)。

摘　　要：科学选定水库预泄时间与预泄时机是成功开展水库汛末提前蓄水调度实践所必需的关键技术和决策基础。对于河道型水库,由于库区水位消落相比坝前水位明显滞后,必须予以充分考虑,避免预泄不及时造成库区淹没损失或增大下游防洪风险。以西江干流长洲水利枢纽为研究对象,基于实测大断面资料建立长洲库区一维水动力学模型开展汛末蓄水研究,模型参数率定和验证均采用实测洪水资料进行。根据计算结果分析得出,当长洲3 d入库流量预报值大于11800 m^(3)/s,且预测水情继续上涨时,水库须预泄至18.6 m^(3)坝前水位从19.6、20.1、20.6 m预泄至18.6 m需要的预泄时间分别为2.6、3.2、3.7 d,库区水位相比坝前水位降落时间滞后1.3~2.3 d。研究为长洲水利枢纽开展汛末优化蓄水提供有益的技术参考,也可为河道型水库确定预泄时机和预泄时间提供科学依据。Scientific selection of the timing and time for pre-discharge is one of the key techniques and decision bases necessary for conducting reservoir pre-storage at the end of flood seasons.For channel reservoirs,the water level decline in the reservoir area usually lags behind that at the dam sites,which must be fully considered to avoid the submerging loss of the reservoir area and the increase in flood risks for downstream areas due to untimely pre-discharge.In this research,with the mainstream of Xijiang River,Changzhou hydro-junction,as the research object,a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model is built on the basis of the measured data of river sections in the Changzhou reservoir area to study the effects of water storage at the end of flood seasons.The model parameters are calibrated and validated using observed flood data.The results reveal that pre-discharge should be executed for the Changzhou reservoir to the water level of 18.6 m when the inflow forecast within 3 d exceeds 11800 m^(3)/s,and a rising water regime is expected.It takes 2.6 d,3.2 d,and 3.7 d for the pool level to be lowered to 18.6 m from 19.6 m,20.1 m,and 20.6 m,respectively,which is about 1.3~2.3 d earlier than the time needed for the reservoir water level to lower to the corresponding water levels.The study provides a useful technical reference for the optimization of water storage at the end of flood seasons in the Changzhou hydro-junction and also lays a scientific foundation for determining the pre-discharge timing and time of channel reservoirs.

关 键 词：一维水动力数学模型 提前蓄水 预泄 关键技术 长洲水库 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]