黄河口沙嘴演变及泥沙扩散对潍坊港海区的影响分析  

Influence of evolution of sand spit and sediment diffusion in the Yellow River estuary on Weifang Port sea area

作　　者：张杰[1] 杨春松 ZHANG Jie;YANG Chun-song(Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,National Engineering Research Center of Port Hydraulic Construction Technology,Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment of the Ministry ofTransport,Tianjin 300456,China;National Investment Project Evaluation Center,National Development and Reform Commission,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所港口水工建筑技术国家工程研究中心工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室,天津300456 [2]国家发展和改革委员会国家投资项目评审中心,北京100037

出　　处：《水道港口》2022年第2期166-172,共7页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1600605);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费资助项目(TKS20190402)。

摘　　要：依据大量实测资料对黄河口沙嘴演变和黄河口入海泥沙扩散范围进行了分析,并讨论了其对潍坊港海区的影响。结果显示:(1)1976年黄河从清水沟入海至1996年,沙嘴累计延长29.2 km,平均速度为1.5 km/a,其极限长度在30 km左右;(2)黄河口外浑水的扩散范围与沙嘴延伸长度成正相关,浑水扩散已邻近航道,并且随着时间的延续而靠近,甚至超越;(3)潍坊港区附近邻近黄河口的“西区”淤积强度大、等深线向外推进速度快,且目前已逼近航道轴线,并呈发展趋势;(4)黄河细颗粒泥沙来源充沛,对潍坊港外航道淤积将产生较明显的影响;(5)虽然黄河口至潍坊港区的沿岸粗颗粒泥沙的输送量不大,但可能成为开敞航道粗颗粒淤积的沙源之一,从而增加了开敞航道水深维护的难度。Based on a large number of measured data,the evolution of the Yellow River estuary sand spit and the sediment diffusion range into the sea were analyzed,and its influence on Weifang Port area was discussed.The results show that:(1)from 1976 to 1996,the Yellow River flow into the sea from Qingshuigou,the sand spit has been extended 29.2 km,the average speed is 1.5 km/a,and the limit length is about 30 km;(2)The sediment diffusion range of the Mouth of the Yellow River is positively correlated with the extension length of the spit,and the sediment diffusion has been close to the channel of Weifang Port,and has approached or even exceeded with the passage of time.(3)The silting intensity of"West"near Weifang Port area and adjacent to the Yellow River Mouth is high,and the isobathic line pushes outward fast,and is close to the channel axis at present,and shows a trend of development;(4)The source of fine sediment in the Yellow River is abundant,which will have an obvious influence on siltation in the channel outside Weifang Port;(5)Although the transport of coarse sediment from the Yellow River estuary to the region is not large,it may become one of the sand sources of coarse sediment deposition in the open channel,thus increasing the difficulty of water depth maintenance in the open channel.

关 键 词：潍坊港 黄河口 沙嘴 泥沙扩散 

分 类 号：U65[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]