20世纪美国黑人大迁徙与南部三农问题之关系  

Effect of the Great Migration of African American in the 20^(th) Century on the Three Rural Issues in the American South

作　　者：张准[1] ZHANG Zhun(School of Economics&Management,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610101,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学经济与管理学院,四川成都610101

出　　处：《湖南工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期55-61,共7页Journal of Hunan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目“南北战争后美国南部地区三农问题研究”(17BJL022)。

摘　　要：南北战争后,美国南部长期面临农业生产方式落后、农民贫困、农村社会发展缓慢等三农问题。上述问题与南部的种族问题相互交织,加剧了南部社会的落后与黑暗。这其中,南部黑人受害最为深重,他们被迫大规模迁徙到美国其他地区。20世纪美国有两次黑人大迁徙的高潮,到20世纪70年代有600多万南部黑人迁徙。美国南部的三农问题是黑人大迁徙的经济原因,但黑人大迁徙又反过来推动了三农问题的解决,由此可见迁徙自由对于解决三农问题的重要意义。After the American Civil War, the South had long been confronted with the three rural issues such as the backward of agriculture production methods, poor peasants, and slow development of rural society. The abovementioned problems are intertwined with the racial problems in the South, which exacerbate the backwardness and darkness of the South.The African Americans there suffered the most, and they were forced to migrate to other parts of the United States in a large scale. In the 20;century, there were two great migration peaks of African Americans in the United States. Till the 1970s, more than 6 million African Americans had migrated out of the South. The three rural issues of the South were the economic reason for the great migration of African Americans,and the great migration promoted the solution of the three rural issues. It shows that the freedom of immigration is indispensable for solving the three rural issues.

关 键 词：20世纪 黑人大迁徙 美国南部 三农问题 迁徙自由 

分 类 号：F299.712[经济管理—国民经济] F371.2