堆积尺寸对秸秆燃烧特性影响的实验研究  

Experimental study on the influence of cumulated dimensions on the combustion characteristics of straw

作　　者：杜伟 程海涛 邹彪 李聪[2] DU Wei;CHENG Hai-tao;ZOU Biao;LI Cong(State Grid General Aviation Company Limited,Beijing 102219,China;School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]国网通用航空有限公司,北京102219 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)应急管理与安全工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2022年第6期753-757,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国网通用航空有限公司科技项目(1100/2021-44003B);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U2033206);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0809500);中央高校基本科研业务经费项目(2020XJAQ02)。

摘　　要：秸秆是可能引起大规模山火的常见典型可燃物之一,自然堆积状态下秸秆的燃烧过程需要进行深入研究。开展了圆柱体秸秆的燃烧实验,直径分别为60 cm和90 cm,厚度从2.94 cm增加到12.23 cm。对比分析了不同工况下的秸秆燃烧过程,并对秸秆的质量损失速率、火焰温度等燃烧特性参数进行了分析。结果表明:秸秆燃烧过程可分为初始中心燃烧阶段、融合环火阶段、分离环火阶段和衰减熄灭阶段;秸秆的质量损失速率与厚度呈现明显的线性关系,且秸秆直径越大,质量损失速率也越大;火焰温度呈现“快速升高-缓慢降低”的趋势;火焰轴心温度随高度提高而逐渐降低,秸秆表面温度可达800℃,在0.9 m处的温度下降至200℃。研究结论有助于加深对秸秆火灾发展蔓延过程和特点的理解。Straw is a typical common combustible that may cause wildfires. The combustion process of naturally cumulated is necessary to be studied. In this paper, the combustion experiments of cylindrical straw were carried out. The diameters were60 cm and 90 cm, and the thicknesses were from 2.94 cm to12.23 cm. The combustion process of straw under different conditions were compared, and the parameters of combustion characteristics such as the mass loss rate and flame temperature were analyzed. The results show that the straw combustion process can be divided into four stages, including initial central stage, merged annular stage, separated annular stage, and decay stage. The mass loss rate has an excellent linear relationship with the thickness of straw. And a larger diameter would cause a larger mass loss rate as well. The flame temperature presents a trend of“increase rapidly-decrease slowly”via time. The flame axis temperature decreases gradually with the elevated height,which is close to 800 ℃ near the straw surface and lower than200 ℃ at the height of 0.9 m. The conclusions benefit to deepen the understanding of the development and spread process and characteristics of straw fire.

关 键 词：秸秆 堆积尺寸 燃烧特性 火焰温度 质量损失速率 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]