北京市某街道采暖期与非采暖期环境空气颗粒物(PM_(2.5))组分特征及来源分析初探  

Research on Chemical Components and their Sources of Particulate Matter(PM_(2.5)) in the Ambient Air of a Street in Beijing during Heating and Non-heating Periods

作　　者：张莹玲 李嘉康 吴航航 李嘉 陈寅宝 Zhang Yingling;Li Jiakang;Wu Hanghang;Li Jia;Chen Yinbao(Centre Testing International Group Beijing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101111,China)

机构地区：[1]华测检测认证集团北京有限公司,北京101111

出　　处：《广东化工》2022年第11期152-156,140,共6页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：本文于采暖期(2021年12月~2022年1月)和非采暖期(2022年3月~4月)对北京市某街道共计两个点位进行环境空气颗粒物PM_(2.5)浓度及组分(水溶性离子、碳质组分、无机元素)监测。结果显示:两个点位在采暖期和非采暖期PM_(2.5)浓度分别为37μg/m^(3)、39μg/m^(3),水溶性离子中以NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、NH_(4)^(+)为主要组分,碳质组分以OC为主,无机元素中Fe、Zn、Al、S、Si五种元素的浓度相对较高。通过质量重构结果表明,OM、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、NH_(4)^(+)、地壳物质的占比较高(超过90%),在采暖期期间PM_(2.5)组分主要来源于化石燃料燃烧和机动车排放的NO_(x)、重型卡车等所释放出的NH_(3)、土壤尘、道路尘、建筑扬尘等,同时也存在经光化学反应的二次生成物;非采暖期期间PM_(2.5)组分主要来源于化石燃料燃烧和机动车排放的NO_(x)、重型卡车等所释放出的NH_(3)、土壤尘、道路尘等,同时区域性沙尘传输也会导致PM_(2.5)污染升高。This paper monitoring the particulate matter PM_(2.5) concentration and components(water-soluble ions,carbonaceous components,inorganic elements)in the ambient air of a street in Beijing from two points,during the heating period(December 2021~January 2022)and the non-heating period(March~April 2022).After that,the results showed that the concentrations of PM_(2.5) at the two sites were 37μg/m^(3) and 39μg/m^(3) respectively,that the water-soluble ions were mainly composed of NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),and NH_(4)^(+),that the carbonaceous components was mainly composed of OC,and that the concentration of five elements,Fe,Zn,Al,S and Si,was relatively high in inorganic elements,during the heating period and the non-heating period.The mass reconstruction results show that the proportion of OM,NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),NH_(4)^(+)and crustal matter is relatively high(over 90%);Besides,they also show that during the heating period,PM_(2.5) components mainly come from the combustion of fossil fuels,NO_(x) emitted by motor vehicles,NH_(3) released by heavy trucks and others,soil dust,road dust,construction dust etc.;That there are secondary resultants produced by photochemical reactions.While during the non-heating period,the PM_(2.5) components mainly come from the combustion of fossil fuels,NO_(x) emitted by motor vehicles,NH_(3) released by heavy trucks and others,soil dust,road dust,etc.;That regional sand-dust transmission will also lead to produce more PM_(2.5) pollution.

关 键 词：采暖期 PM_(2.5) 组分特征 质量重构 来源 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]