《管子·度地》“积薪”治水释读——兼考农作物秸秆用作治水物料之变迁  

Another Interpretation of the Word xin in the Guanzi:Also on the History of Using Straw as Blocking Material in Ancient China

作　　者：熊帝兵[1] XIONG Dibing(College of History and Tourism,Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学历史文化旅游学院,淮北235000

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2022年第1期89-96,共8页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：2015年教育部规划项目“中国古代农作物秸秆非燃料化利用研究”(项目编号:15YJAZH088)。

摘　　要：历代校注《管子》的成果十分丰硕,然而古今学者对其《度地》篇中之“积薪”一词多失注,或略注为“柴草”“柴薪”等,甚至还有误注为“燃料”的情况,既未准确揭示其意,又未能详其功能,甚至还由此而产生一些错误的理解。今考,“薪”除了具有“柴”意之外,还可以指“草”,用途颇多。《度地》篇所积之“薪”作“草”解更合文义,应当是治水、阻水的物料,很可能以农作物秸秆为主。汉代的考古遗迹以及汉代以降的治水文献都有农作物秸秆用作治水物料的充分证据。综合推断,以植物纤维充当治水物料这一技术很可能可追溯到春秋时期。There are many annotations on the Guanzi,an ancient Chinese collection,but most of them have either ignored the character xin in the chapter of Dudi,or briefly interpretated it as firewood or fuel.This interpretation has neither revealed the real reference of the word nor elaborated the function of the material.In fact,not only does xin have the meaning of firewood,but it can also refer to straw which was widely used for many purposes.This paper argues that it makes more sense in the context of the book to understand xin as referring to straw.Straw was used as material for preventing rivers’overflow both during and following the Han dynasty(206 BCE to AD 220),a fact that has been fully proved by the archeological remains and historical documents.It can be inferred,based on comprehensive evidence,the technology could date back to the Spring and Autumn Period(from approximately 771 to 476 BC).

关 键 词：水利文献 《管子》 《度地》 治水 农作物秸秆 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] K852[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]