收敛式有效积温与马铃薯植株性状变化的相关性  

Correlation Between Convergent Effective Accumulated Temperature and Changes of Potato Plant Characters

作　　者：徐宁[1] 张洪亮[1] 张荣华[1] 许亚坤[1] XU Ning;ZHANG Hongliang;ZHANG Ronghua;XU Yakun(Institute of Economic Crops,Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农垦科学院经济作物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2022年第2期136-140,共5页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2021C084)。

摘　　要：收敛式有效积温和相应关键生物物理参数不会因地理位置的差异而产生变化,所以通过测定收敛式有效积温值,可预判作物生理时期。研究以‘延薯4号’为试验材料,采取连续整株取样的方式,分别测定马铃薯的株高、茎粗、叶片数和块茎数,同时记录当地最高温和最低温并计算收敛式有效积温,分析马铃薯株高、茎粗、叶片数和块茎数与收敛式有效积温的相关性。茎粗方面,在马铃薯整个生育期有2个增长时期,分别在生育期的两端(852.63℃之前和1576.62℃之后)。生长前期随着植株的成长,茎粗不断变粗,到达一定程度之后不再生长,后期随着茎部纤维化的开始,茎粗也随着开始变粗。块茎数在整个生育期一直增长,增长速率呈现先快后慢的趋势,在1111.40℃前,增长较快,后期增长平稳,说明在1111.40℃时,马铃薯进入成熟期。叶片数和株高方面,呈先增加后减少的趋势,并分别在1278.46和1494.97℃达到最大值,说明在该积温区间后进入衰老期。研究结果可为马铃薯不同生理时期预测提供相应的理论支持。The key crop biophysical parameters response well with the convergent effective accumulated temperature and do not vary by geographic locations.Therefore,the physiological stage of a crop can be predicted by measuring the convergent effective accumulated temperature.In this study,’Yanshu 4’was planted as the experimental material,and the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number and tuber number per plant of potato were measured by continuous whole plant sampling.At the same time,the local highest and lowest temperatures were recorded and the convergent effective accumulated temperature was calculated.The correlation of the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number and tuber number per plant with the convergent effective accumulated temperature was analyzed.For stem diameter,there were two growth stages in the whole growth period of potato,which were at both ends of the growth period(before 852.63℃and after 1576.62℃).In the early stage of growth,the stem diameter became thicker with the growth of the plant,and it did not grow after reaching a certain point.In the later stage,the stem diameter became thicker with the beginning of stem fibrosis.The tuber number had been increasing throughout the growth period,and the growth rate showed a first fast and then slow trend.Before 1111.40℃,the growth was fast,and the later growth was stable,indicating that at1111.40℃,the potato enters the mature stage.The leaf number and plant height increased first and then decreased,and reached the maximum value at 1278.46 and 1494.97℃,respectively,indicating that it entered the aging period after the accumulated temperature range.The results could provide theoretical support for the prediction of different physiological stages of potato.

关 键 词：马铃薯 收敛式有效积温 植株性状 相关性 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]