宁夏引黄灌区耐荫性春大豆新品种(系)筛选及产量性状分析  

Screening and Yield Trait Analysis of New Shade-Tolerant Spring Soybeans in Yellow River Irrigation Area of Ningxia

作　　者：连金番[1] 罗瑞萍[1] 李培贵 姬月梅[1] 沈静 李强 葛玉萍[4] 赵志刚[1] Lian Jinpan;Luo Ruiping;Li Peigui;Ji Yuemei;Shen Jing;Li Qiang;Ge Yuping;Zhao Zhigang(Crop Research Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Seed Workstation,Yinchuan 750002,China;Pingluo County Agricultural Technology Service Center,Shizuishan,Ningxia 753400,China;Ningxia Original Seed Farm,Helan 750200,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所,银川750002 [2]宁夏种子工作站,银川750002 [3]平罗县农业技术推广服务中心,宁夏石嘴山753400 [4]宁夏原种场,宁夏贺兰750200

出　　处：《大豆科技》2022年第3期5-11,共7页Soybean Science & Technology

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新项目(NKYG-20-01);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2020BFH03008);国家大豆产业技术体系银川综合试验站建设专项(CARS-04)。

摘　　要：文章通过创设玉米-春大豆间作自然荫蔽条件,对15份春大豆新品种(系)进行耐荫性试验研究,通过品种(系)筛选,采用合理密植、肥水管控、化控等技术措施,确定单株荚数,单株粒数,增加百粒重,提高单株产量,实现宁夏引黄灌区春大豆品种(系)的产量提高。试验结果表明,不同春大豆种(系)受玉米遮荫胁迫后,株高、主茎节数、节间长度、分枝数增加(STC>1);单株有效分枝、有效荚数、单株粒数、荚粒数、百粒重和单株产量下降(STC<1)。PCA分析表明,15份春大豆新品种(系)的遗传多样性明显,F1―F3主成分累计贡献率达80.3310%。通过聚类分析将15份春大豆新品种(系)聚为4大类群,筛选出适合宁夏引黄灌区玉米间作的春大豆品种(系)为第Ⅱ、第Ⅳ-Ⅰ类群的5个大豆品种(系),分别为16LD-18、15LD-8、15LD-37、14LD-125和14LD-124。其类群性状为株高141.8~144.2 cm、主茎节数16.1~18.0节,分枝数2.0~3.5个,单株有效荚39.4~51.9荚、单株粒数82.1~112.5粒、百粒重14.9~18.2 g,单株产量14.9~16.8 g。In this paper, fifteen new spring soybean varieties(lines) were tested on their shading tolerance by establishing natural shading conditions of corn-spring soybean intercropping, and some technical measures such as rational dense planting, fertilizer and water control and chemical control were put forward to ensure pod number per plant, grain number per plant, increase 100-grain weight and increase yield per plant. To realize the yield increase of spring soybean varieties(lines) in Yellow River Irrigation area of Ningxia. The results showed that after different spring soybean species(lines) were under corn shading stress, the height, number of main stem nodes, internode length and number of branches increased(STC>1), and the effective branches, effective pods, single plant grains, pod number, 100-grain weight and yield per plant decreased(STC<1). PCA analysis showed that the genetic diversity of fifteen new varieties(lines) of spring soybean was obvious, and the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components reached 80.331 0%. Through cluster analysis, fifteen new spring soybean varieties(lines) were clustered into four groups, and five spring soybean varieties(lines) suitabled for corn intercropping in Yellow River Irrigation area of Ningxia were selected as group Ⅱ and Ⅳ-Ⅰ, which were16LD-18, 15LD-8, 15LD-37, 14LD-125 and 14LD-124 respectively. The characteristics of the group were as follows: plant height 141.8-144.2 cm, number of main stem nodes 16.1-18.0, number of branches 2.0-3.5, single plant effective pods 39.4-51.9 pods, single plant grain number 82.1-112.5 grains,100 grain weight 14.9-18.2 g, per plant yield 14.9-16.8 g.

关 键 词：引黄灌区 春大豆 耐荫系数 主成分分析 性状分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]