钦州口岸进境大豆携带检疫性杂草籽情况分析  

Analysis of Quarantine Weed Seeds Carried by Imported Soybeans at Qinzhou Port

作　　者：莫斌 钟勇 Mo Bin;Zhong Yong(Qinzhou Customs,Qinzhou,Guangxi 535000,China;Nanning Customs,Nanning 530029,China)

机构地区：[1]钦州海关,广西钦州535000 [2]南宁海关,南宁530029

出　　处：《大豆科技》2022年第3期34-38,共5页Soybean Science & Technology

摘　　要：随着我国大豆进口数量逐年递增,携带各种杂草籽进境风险不断增大,杂草传播范围及速度均有所提升,钦州口岸进口大豆检疫工作形势严峻。文章对2017―2021年钦州口岸进境大豆携带检疫性杂草籽情况进行分析,旨在为进口粮食监管部门提供疫情防范数据及进一步有针对性地开展外来有害生物监测工作提供理论依据。文章提出采取加强监管,提升检疫工作能力等手段和措施能够提升杂草籽检出率,从而有效控制进境大豆中检疫性杂草籽的传播和蔓延。结果表明,近5 a来钦州口岸进口大豆来源国主要有巴西、美国和乌拉圭,截获的大豆携带检疫性杂草籽共19种,其中有毒有害杂草籽2种;截获率超过50%的检疫性杂草籽有3种,分别为齿裂大戟(Euphorbia dentata)、假高粱(Sorghum halepense)和豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia),在杂草检疫工作中需重点关注。With the increasing of soybean imports quantity in China year by year,the risk of carrying various miscellaneou weed seeds into the country was also increasing,and the spread range and speed of weeds were improved,so the quarantine situation of imported soybeans at Qinzhou port was grim.In this paper,the situation of imported soybeans carrring quarantinable weed seeds at Qinzhou port fom 2017 to 2021 was analyzed,in order to provide epidemic prevention data for import grain regulatory authorites and provide theoretical basis for further targeted monitoring of exotic pets.It was proposed that the detection rate of weed seeds could be effectively improved by strengthening supervision and improving quarantine ability,so as to effectively control the epidemic and spread of quarantine weed seeds in imported soybeans.The results showed that soybeans imported at Qinzhou port were mainly from Brazil,the United States and Uruguay in recent five years.There were 19 species of quarantine weed seeds and two species of poisonous and harmful weed seeds intercepted from imported soybeans.Among them,there were three species with an interception rate of more than 50%,which were Euphorbia dentata,Sorghum halepense,and Ambrosia artemisiifolia,required special attention in weed quarantine.

关 键 词：大豆 粮食 杂草 检疫性 有毒有害 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]