农村生活污水强化膜混凝性能及其污泥资源化潜力  

Performance of Enhanced Membrane Coagulation for Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment and Its Sludge Resource Utilization Potential

作　　者：魏尚珲 徐恒 常风民 胡明 李懿南 王培京 王凯军 WEI Shang-hui;XU Heng;CHANG Feng-min;HU Ming;LI Yi-nan;WANG Pei-jing;WANG Kai-jun(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Water Science&Technology Institute,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学<北京>化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100084 [3]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2022年第9期1-7,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室开放基金资助项目(20K05ESPCT);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07102004-001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51908547)。

摘　　要：农村生活污水和污泥的就地处理与资源化利用近年来受到广泛关注,与生物法相比,强化膜混凝技术能快速捕获污水中的碳、磷资源,目前已在北京农村地区的生活污水处理中得到示范应用。为此,分析了强化膜混凝技术的示范应用效果,并以其产生的污泥为研究对象,考察了污泥中碳、磷的回收性能。结果表明,强化膜混凝一体化示范设备能在水力停留时间为60 min的条件下实现80%以上COD和TP的去除,并产生富含碳、磷且具有较好资源化潜力的污泥。酸碱预处理能有效强化污泥水解,尤其是碱性条件能促进污泥中有机物和磷酸盐的同步释放,最高浓度分别达到5 214.5 mg/L和122 mg/L。酸化发酵是实现有机物进一步转化利用的重要途径之一,当污泥初始pH调为11时,酸化发酵效果最优,酸化产物产量达到3 419.6 mg/L(以COD计),酸化率高达77.0%“。强化膜混凝+污泥酸碱预处理+酸化发酵”有望促进农村生活污水中碳、磷资源的回收,但其后续利用方式和潜在风险需作进一步研究。In recent years, the local treatment of rural domestic sewage and its sludge utilization has been widely concerned. Compared with biological processes, the enhanced membrane coagulation technology can rapidly capture carbon and phosphorus resources in sewage, and has been demonstrated in domestic sewage treatment in rural areas of Beijing. Therefore, performance of the demonstration project based on enhanced membrane coagulation technology was analyzed, and the recovery of carbon and phosphorus from the membrane coagulation sludge was investigated. The enhanced membrane coagulation integrated device removed more than 80% of COD and TP when the hydraulic retention time was 60 min, and produced sludge rich in carbon and phosphorus with good resource utilization potential.Acid/base pretreatment effectively enhanced the hydrolysis of sludge, promoted the simultaneous release of organic matter and phosphate from the sludge(especially in alkaline condition), and their highest concentrations were 5 214.5 mg/L and 122 mg/L, respectively. Acidified fermentation is one of the important ways to realize further conversion and utilization of organic matter. When the initial pH of the sludge was adjusted to 11, the best acidification fermentation performance was obtained: the acidification product yield reached 3 419.6 mg/L, and the acidification rate was up to 77.0%. The combined technology of enhanced membrane coagulation, acid/base pretreatment of sludge and acidified fermentation is expected to promote the recovery of carbon and phosphorus resources from rural domestic sewage.However, the subsequent utilization method and potential risks need to be further investigated.

关 键 词：农村生活污水 强化膜混凝 污泥 碳、磷回收 酸碱预处理 酸化发酵 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]