精准扶贫地区农村居民冬季环境的调查研究  

Investigation in Winter Environment of Rural Residents in Targeted Poverty Alleviation Areas

作　　者：周英[1] 李念平[1] 阿勇嘎 ZHOU Ying;LI Nianping;A Yongga(Hunan University,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学,长沙410000

出　　处：《建筑科学》2022年第4期44-50,共7页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于人体换热的多辐射壁面建筑室内冷负荷特性与能耗优化研究”(51878255)。

摘　　要：本文以湖南省隆回县国家级贫困村白水洞村为研究对象,深入调查研究精准扶贫地区农民冬季的人居环境。通过对白水洞当地温湿度等环境参数的实测,并以问卷形式调查了该地近1/5户居民,收集有效问卷103份。调查研究表明白水洞地区冬季采暖房间平均温度在7℃左右,比非采暖房间平均温度仅高0.7℃,且室内温度随室外气候变化波动较为显著。室内外湿度差异不明显,冬季主要采用局部加热装置火桶和炭盆满足热舒适要求,使用该采暖方式对房间整体温度提升不大。综合当地居民适应性行为,利用APMV模型,得到该地居住者冬季自适应性系数λ=-0.12,住宅舒适区温度区间为11.6~15.3℃。在对室内热环境可接受时,61%的住户更偏向于室温提高以达到更加舒适的热环境。问卷分析得出,51.5%和87.4%的住户分别对现有房屋、周边人居环境感到满意。Taking Baishuidong Village,a national-level poverty-stricken village in Longhui County,Hunan Province,as the research object,this paper conducts an in-depth investigation in the residential environment of farmers in the targeted poverty alleviation areas in winter.The actual measurement of environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity was conducted,and nearly 1/5 of the residents in this area were surveyed in the form of questionnaires,with 103 valid questionnaires being collected.The investigation shows that the average temperature of heating rooms in Baishuidong Village in winter is about 7℃,which is only 0.7℃higher than the average temperature of non-heating rooms,and the indoor temperature fluctuates significantly with outdoor climate changes.The difference between indoor and outdoor humidity is not obvious.In winter,local heating devices such as fire barrels and charcoal basins are mainly used to satisfy the requirements of thermal comfort.This heating method does not greatly increase the overall temperature of the room.In light of the the adaptive behavior of local residents and using the APMV model,the paper obtains the adaptive coefficientλ=-0.12 for residents in winter,and the temperature range of residential comfort zone is 11.6~15.3℃.When the indoor thermal environment is acceptable,61%of residents prefer to increase the room temperature to achieve greater thermal comfort.According to the questionaries,51.5%of the residents are satisfied with their current houses,and 87.4%of the residents are satisfied with the surrounding residential environment.

关 键 词：冬季 人居环境 贫困地区 节能 热舒适 

分 类 号：TU831.1[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]