寒区近零能耗住宅和办公建筑热负荷特性分析  

Analysis of Heat Load Characteristics of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings in Cold Regions

作　　者：史芸桐 李慧 吕欢 胡自远 周亮宇 倪龙 SHI Yuntong;LI Hui;LYU Huan;HU Ziyuan;ZHOU Liangyu;NI Long(School of Architecture Harbin Institute of technology,Harbin 150090,China;Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150090,China;The Seventh Geological Brigade of Shandong Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development,Linyi 276006,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [3]山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第七地质大队,山东临沂276006

出　　处：《建筑科学》2022年第4期169-174,182,共7页Building Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“近零能耗建筑技术体系及关键技术开发”(2017YFC0702600)。

摘　　要：“近零能耗建筑”可以很大程度减小冬季建筑物对化石燃料的依赖,可以有效减少我国冬季供暖能耗。目前我国“近零能耗建筑”的设计主要参考德国有关规范,但我国寒区与德国的气候并不完全相同,不能简单照搬。本文利用DeST分别建立居住、办公建筑模型,以哈尔滨、沈阳和北京为代表城市,对基准建筑与“近零能耗建筑”进行模拟,分析热负荷与供暖时间的变化规律。结果表明,采用本文建立的近零能耗建筑模型,结合热回收机组,从哈尔滨到北京,冬季建筑的节能率逐渐增大,供暖时间大幅缩短。Nearly Zero Energy Building(NZEB) can greatly reduce the dependence on fossil energy sources in winter, and it is an effective solution to reduce energy consumption in house heating in China. However, simply copying the design standards of NZEB from Germany is not feasible, for the climate in cold regions of China is different than that in Germany. In this paper, by establishing models of benchmark building and NZEB in DeST, variations of heating load and heating time were calculated and analyzed in Harbin, Shenyang and Beijing. The results show that using the NZEB model established in this paper, combined with heat recovery units, the energy saving rate of buildings in winter, from Harbin to Beijing, is gradually increasing, and the heating time is greatly shortened.

关 键 词：DeST 近零能耗建筑 基准建筑 节能率 供暖时间 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]