基于Hofstede数据的国家间文化亲疏程度测度与全球文化圈划分  

A Measurement of Cultural Affinity between Countries and Division of Global Cultural Circle based on the Hofstede Database

作　　者：秦奇[1] 成升魁[1] 陈晓鹏 周强[4] QIN Qi;CHENG Shengkui;CHEN Xiaopeng;ZHOU Qiang(Center for Global Geography and Resources,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resource Research,China Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of humanities,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;China Institute of Innovation and Development Strategy,Beijing 100044,China;International Cooperation Department,National development and Reform Commission,Beijing 100824,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所世界地理与资源研究中心,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院国家创新与发展战略研究会,北京100044 [4]国家发展与改革委员会国际合作司,北京100824

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2022年第6期1139-1149,共11页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(42130508);国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD138);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-ZS-2017-4);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2018M641456)。

摘　　要：文化对世界格局的塑造是无形却深远的。当前研究中鲜有基于地理空间视角、应用计量方法探索国家文化差异并刻画全球文化空间格局规律。为此,本研究构建了基于欧氏几何距离的文化亲疏程度测算方法,利用Hofstede国别文化属性数据测度了国家间文化亲疏程度分值;继而以此分值构建网络矩阵,分别应用社区探索算法和基于“子群内外关系”的凝聚子群分析方法识别出各国因文化亲疏差异而结成的若干文化集团,综合2种结果,命名全球文化圈类型并分析其空间格局。结果显示:(1)全球存在盎格鲁-撒克逊文化圈、北欧文化圈、大陆欧洲文化圈、拉丁文化圈、东正教文化圈、西非-加勒比文化圈、伊斯兰教文化圈、泛亚文化圈8个文化圈,其中盎格鲁-撒克逊文化圈、北欧文化圈、大陆欧洲文化圈、拉丁文化圈关联较为紧密,组成泛欧美大文化圈;(2)中国与其他国家文化亲疏度存在一定程度上的由近及远分布特征:周边亚洲国家与中国最为亲密,少数高加索、巴尔干半岛和撒哈拉以南非洲国家也与中国较为亲密;亲疏不明显的国家广泛分布在中间地带,包括西亚、北非、中东欧,以及撒哈拉以南非洲和南美洲少数国家;较为疏远的国家主要分布在北欧、西欧、北美、大洋洲地区,在撒哈拉以南非洲以及南美洲亦有分布,最为疏远的区域是北欧。The shaping of the world pattern by culture is invisible but far-reaching.In the current researches,there are few quantitative analysis on cultural affinity from the spatial perspective.Therefore,by using national culture datas in Hofstede’s Insights,this paper introduces the Euclidean distance to measure the cultural affinity between nations,and then uses the community detection algorithm and cohesive subgroup analysis to divide all nations into different cultural groups,so as to depict the spatial pattern of cultural affinity.The results show that:(1)The cultural affinity between China and the other countries varies from intimate to estranged Neighboring Asian countries are the most intimate with China,and a few countries in the Caucasus,the Balkans,and SubSaharan Africa also have close relationship to China.The countries with inapparent intimate cultural relations with China are widely distributed in the intermediate zone,including Western Asia,North Africa,Central and Eastern Europe,and a few countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.The countries with more distant relationship to Chinese culture are mainly distributed in Western Europe,North America and Oceania,SubSaharan Africa,and South America,and the Northern Europe has the least cultural affinity with China;(2)There are eight cultural circles in the world,including Anglo-Saxon,Northern Europe,Continental Europe,Latin,Orthodox,West Africa-Caribbean,Islamism,and Pan Asia.Among them,Anglo-Saxon,Northern Europe,Continental European,and Latin cultural area are closely related with each other,forming the EuropeanAmerican cultural circle.

关 键 词：文化亲疏程度 欧氏几何距离 社区探索算法 凝聚子群分析 文化圈 全球文化空间格局 Hofstede数据 

分 类 号：K901.6[历史地理—人文地理学]