不同蛋白源有机肥在分解过程中对Pb^(2+)的吸附解吸特征  

Adsorption and desorption characteristics of Pb^(2+) in organic fertilizers with different protein sources during decomposition

作　　者：王禹[1] 韦增辉 赵庆杰[1] 吴蔚东[1] WANG Yu;WEI Zeng-hui;ZHAO Qing-jie;WU Wei-dong(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou Hainan 570100)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第5期166-176,共11页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“高N生物炭有机肥的研发与评价”(2017YFD0202101);国家自然科学基金“有机肥钝化固定土壤重金属的环境行为与机制研究”(21866013)。

摘　　要：有机肥在不同分解阶段的组成与性质不同,对环境污染物的吸附能力以及它们在土壤中的环境行为和作用机制会表现出极大的差异。采用化学分析、吸附解吸、傅里叶红外等方法研究豆粕、骨粉、虾肽的基本理化性质及其对Pb^(2+)的吸附解吸特征。结果表明,豆粕和骨粉在未矿化分解时对Pb^(2+)的吸附曲线均符合Freundlich模型,矿化分解后的Pb^(2+)吸附曲线符合Langmuir模型,而虾肽分解前后Pb^(2+)吸附曲线都符合Langmuir模型。豆粕和骨粉、虾肽在分解过程中对Pb^(2+)的吸附曲线符合准二级动力学方程。未分解时虾肽最大吸附量最大(246.01 mg/g),随着矿化分解的进行豆粕的最大吸附量上升,并在分解12个月时达到最大(316.42 mg/g)。3种蛋白源有机肥吸附Pb^(2+)的主要形态是离子交换态和氢键结合态、络合态。蛋白源商品有机肥中含氧官能团可能对吸附Pb^(2+)起主要的作用。因此,应优先考虑施用豆粕有机肥,但豆粕、骨粉、虾肽在矿化分解的过程中可能存在吸附的重金属Pb^(2+)被重新释放的风险。The composition and properties of organic fertilizers in different decomposition stages are different,and the adsorption capacity of organic fertilizers to environmental pollutants,as well as their environmental behavior and action mechanism in soil will show great differences.In this study,chemical analysis,adsorption and desorption,Fourier transform infrared and other methods were used to study the basic physical and chemical properties of soybean meal,bone meal and shrimp peptide,as well as the adsorption and desorption characteristics of Pb^(2+).The results showed that the Pb^(2+) adsorption curves of soybean meal and bone meal without mineralization were in line with the Freundlich model,the Pb^(2+) adsorption curves after mineralization were in line with the Langmuir model,and the Pb^(2+) adsorption curves before and after the shrimp peptide decomposition were in line with the Langmuir model.The adsorption process of Pb^(2+) on soybean meal,bone meal and shrimp peptide in the process of decomposition conformed to quasi second order kinetics.The maximum adsorption capacity of shrimp peptide was 246.01 mg/g when it was not decomposed.The maximum adsorption capacity of soybean meal increased with the progress of mineralization decomposition,and reached the maximum in 12 months(316.42 mg/g).The main forms of Pb^(2+) adsorbed by the three protein source organic fertilizers are ion-exchange state,hydrogen bond state and complex state.The oxygen-containing functional groups in protein source commercial organic fertilizer may play a major role in the adsorption of Pb^(2+).Therefore,priority should be given to the application of soybean meal organic fertilizer,but soybean meal,bone meal and shrimp peptide may have the risk of re-releasing the adsorbed heavy metal Pb^(2+) in the process of mineralization and decomposition.

关 键 词：有机肥 吸附特征 Pb^(2+) 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]