肥料-土壤-作物系统镁-磷营养互作研究进展  

Review of the interactions between magnesium and phosphorus nutrients in Fertilizer-Soil-Crop System

作　　者：朱希茹 姜润 连祎雯 黄成东[1] ZHU Xi-ru;JIANG Run;LIAN Yi-wen;HUANG Cheng-dong(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,National Academy of Agriculture Green Development,Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions,Ministry of Education,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,国家农业绿色发展研究院,植物-土壤相互作用教育部重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第5期211-216,250,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“作物专用高效复混肥料研制与产业化”(2016YFD0200401);长江经济带磷资源高效利用创新平台开放课题“磷酸二铵肥料评价体系建设”(201905510310517)。

摘　　要：镁和磷是植物生长所必需的营养元素,当前镁营养缺乏和磷利用效率低已成为限制我国种植业绿色发展的关键养分管理问题。镁、磷养分供应不能满足作物生育期的养分需求,导致作物产量下降和品质降低,在南方酸性土壤中表现尤为明显。镁-磷营养间存在着复杂的交互作用,在肥料中,镁-磷互作影响镁、磷养分在肥料中的生物有效性;在土壤中,镁-磷互作影响镁、磷养分的固定与释放;在作物生长过程中,镁-磷互作促进了作物对镁、磷养分高效吸收和利用,提高作物产量并改善作物品质。综上所述,镁和磷在肥料-土壤-作物系统中存在着不同类型的交互作用,需要系统地认知和理解二者在肥料、土壤和作物中的交互过程及作用机制,为绿色高效肥料产品创新设计和农田养分高效管理与利用提供科学依据。Magnesium and phosphorus are critical macronutrients for plant growth.At present,magnesium deficiency and low phosphorus use efficiency are becoming the key limited factors for nutrient management in green crop production in China.The nutrient supply of magnesium and phosphorus in soil barely meets the demand of crops which can result in low crop yield and poor quality,especially in acidic soils in the south of China.There are complex interactions between magnesium and phosphorus nutrients.For fertilizers,it affects the phytoavailability of magnesium and phosphorus.For soil,it works on the nutrient fixation and release of magnesium and phosphorus.For crops,it does not only promote the absorption and utilization of magnesium and phosphorus nutrients effectively,but also improves crop yield and quality.As mentioned above,there are various types of interactions between magnesium and phosphorus nutrients in the fertilizer-soilcrop system which requires recognizing and understanding the processes and mechanisms of Mg-P interactions systematically,thus can provide scientific basis for innovative design of green and high efficiency fertilizers and efficient nutrient management practices.

关 键 词：镁-磷互作 养分有效性 养分固定与释放 养分高效利用 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]