江苏省大气污染对儿童肺通气功能的短期效应研究  

Short-term effects of air pollution on children’s pulmonary ventilation function in Jiangsu province

作　　者：张文静 王彦文 杜鹏[2] 丁震[3] 李湉湉 ZHANG Wenjing;WANG Yanwen;DU Peng;DING Zhen;LI Tiantian(School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China;China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China;Institute of Environmental Health,Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,南京211166 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与人群健康重点实验室,中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心环境与健康所,南京210009

出　　处：《气象学报》2022年第3期385-391,共7页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41907368、41907367)。

摘　　要：大气污染是影响儿童肺功能的重要因素,目前关联性研究证据大多来自发达国家且以细颗粒物影响为主。本研究旨在探讨大气污染物(PM_(2.5)、O_(3))短期暴露对中国学龄儿童肺功能的影响。选择2014—2015年江苏省7个城市1081名3—5年级的儿童,对其进行肺通气功能的重复测量和问卷调查。采用线性混合效应模型分析大气污染物与肺功能的关系。研究结果显示,当日和不同累积滞后暴露在PM_(2.5)和O_(3)环境与肺功能指标存在明显的急性效应。当日PM_(2.5)和O_(3)浓度每升高10μg/m^(3),肺通气功能分别降低8.8(95%置信区间(95%CI):4.0—13.7)mL和21.1(95%CI:13.8—28.4)mL。累积滞后5 d的PM_(2.5)浓度对肺通气功能影响最大,累积滞后7 d的O_(3)浓度对肺通气功能影响最大。PM_(2.5)对男孩和有过敏史的儿童的肺通气功能影响更大。本研究提示,PM_(2.5)和O_(3)短期暴露对儿童肺功能存在影响,采取适当的个体防护措施具有重要意义。Air pollution is an important factor affecting children's lung function.At present,the evidence of correlation research mostly comes from developed countries,and the research mainly focuses on the impact of fine particles.This study aims to investigate the effects of short-term exposure to air pollutants(PM_(2.5),O_(3))on pulmonary function of school-age children in China.From 2014 to 2015,1081 children in grades 3—5 in 7 cities of Jiangsu province are selected for repeated measurements and questionnaire surveys of pulmonary ventilation function(FVC).A linear mixed effects model is used to analyze the relationship between air pollutants and lung function.The results of the study show that exposures to PM_(2.5) and O_(3) obviously have acute effects on lung function on the same day and also on the subsequent days with accumulative effects.For every 10μg/m^(3) increase in PM_(2.5) and O_(3) concentrations on a day,FVC decreases by 8.8(95%CI:4.0—13.7)mL and 21.1(95%CI:13.8—28.4)mL,respectively.The concentration of PM_(2.5) with a cumulative lag of 5 d has the greatest impact on FVC,and the concentration of O_(3) with a cumulative lag of 7 d has the greatest impact on FVC.PM_(2.5) has a greater effect on pulmonary ventilation in boys and children with allergies.These results indicate that short-term exposure to PM_(2.5) and O_(3) affects children's lung function,and it is of great significance to take appropriate personal protective measures.

关 键 词：大气污染 肺功能 儿童 线性混合效应模型 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]