基于二阶响应面法的五轴磨床主轴多目标优化  

Multi-objective optimization design of five-axis grinder’s spindle based on second-order response surface method

作　　者：谭州 廖映华 蒋杰 TAN Zhou;LIAO Ying-hua;JIANG Jie(School of Mechanical Engineering,Sichuan University of Light and Chemical Engineering,Yibin 643002;Yibin Intelligent Tenninal Digital Manufacturing Engineering Technology Research Center,Yibin 644000;Sichuan Yibin Zhiwei Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yibin 644000)

机构地区：[1]四川轻化工大学机械工程学院,四川宜宾643002 [2]宜宾市智能终端数字化制造工程技术研究中心,四川宜宾644000 [3]四川省宜宾智威科技有限公司,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《机械设计》2022年第5期122-128,共7页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：自贡航空产业区航空发动机及燃机关键零部件制造智能化工厂(工信厅装函[2018]265号);四川轻化工大学2020研究生创新基金(Y2020009)。

摘　　要：五轴磨床主轴的动态性能和运动精度对精密五轴数控磨床性能有显著的影响,为了保证磨床的转动主轴具有良好的动态性能和最优的运动精度,提出了一种结合各尺寸参数敏感性分析的多目标优化设计方法。首先,在SolidWorks中建立合理的参数化模型,将其导入Workbench中进行模态分析与静态分析,根据分析结果对主轴结构主要参数进行对比;然后,进行BOE试验,通过试验结果数据进行线性回归处理与灵敏度分析,找出对主轴质量、刚度与低阶固有频率这3个目标灵敏度高的结构尺寸;最后,利用Design-Expert软件计算样本点响应值,建立某型号立式五轴磨床的设计输入与响应输出之间的二阶响应面优化模型,并采用多目标遗传算法对优化模型在设计空间内进行求解和分析。分析表明:主轴最大形变位移降低27.35%,质量降低3.81%,低阶固态频率提高了6.03%。The dynamic performance and motion accuracy of the five-axis grinder’s spindle have significant impact on the performance of the precise five-axis CNC grinder. In this article, in order to ensure that the grinder’s rotary spindle has good dynamic performance and optimal motion accuracy, the multi-objective optimization design is conducted in combination with the sensitivity analysis on various dimension parameters. Firstly, the reasonable parametric model is set up in SolidWorks, and then it is imported into Workbench for modal and static analysis. According to the analytical results, the main parameters of the spindle structure are compared. Then, the BOE test is carried out, and the structural dimensions sensitive to spindle weight, stiffness and low-order natural frequency are found by means of linear regression processing and inspiration analysis. Finally, the Design-Expert software is used to calculate the response values of sample points;the second-order response-surface optimization model between the design input and the response output of the vertical five-axis grinder is worked out. Besides, the multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to solve and analyze the optimization model in the design space. The results show that the maximum deformation displacement of the spindle decreases by 27.35%, the mass decreases by 3.81%, and the low-order natural frequency increases by 6.03%.

关 键 词：五轴磨床主轴 参数敏感性分析 二阶响应面法 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]