预防性HPV疫苗在我国的应用和研究现状  

Application and research status of prophylactic HPV vaccine in China

作　　者：苗盼 孙冬岩[2] MIAO Pan;SUN Dongyan(Yangtze University Health Science Center,Hubei Province,Jingzhou 430199,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学医学部,湖北荆州430199 [2]湖北省妇幼保健院妇产科,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《妇儿健康导刊》2022年第6期25-28,F0003,共5页JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE

摘　　要：宫颈癌是女性生殖系统发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,严重威胁女性的身体健康。在我国,每年约有140000新发宫颈癌病例,37000人死亡,给我国的医疗带来很大的负担。高危人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染是宫颈癌的主要原因。目前HPV疫苗是降低宫颈癌发病率最有效的方法之一。HPV疫苗于2006年获得美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准,用于预防女性癌症。目前,预防性HPV疫苗有三种,在发达国家的应用证明可明显降低HPV感染率和宫颈病变率。HPV是一种双链环状DNA病毒,嗜组织性,在特定的黏膜中优先复制,但其损伤仅限于上皮,不能激发强烈的免疫反应。预防性HPV疫苗刺激人体产生中和抗体,防止HPV感染宫颈上皮细胞。开展宫颈癌、HPV和HPV疫苗的宣传教育工作具有重要意义,本文介绍预防性HPV疫苗的应用和研究现状,以提高人们对宫颈癌的认识和HPV疫苗的可接受性。Cervical cancer is the highest incidence of malignant tumor in female reproductive system,which is a serious threat to women’s health.In China,there are about 140000 new cases of cervical cancer and 37000 deaths every year,which brings a great burden to medical care in our country.High-risk human papillomavirus(HPV)infection is the main cause of cervical cancer.At present,HPV vaccine is one of the most effective ways to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.HPV vaccine is approved by the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for cancer prevention in women in 2006.At present,there are three types of prophylactic HPV vaccine.Its application in developed countries has significantly reduced the HPV infection rate and the rate of cervical lesions.HPV is a double-stranded circular DNA virus,that is histophilic and replicates preferentially in specific mucosa,but its damage is limited to the epithelium and does not stimulate a strong immune response.Prophylactic HPV vaccine stimulates the body to produce neutralizing antibodies to prevent HPV from infecting cells.It is very important to initiate educational programs to raise awareness and knowledge about cervical cancer,HPV,and the HPV vaccine.This article presents application and reseach status of prophylactic HPV vaccine to enhance the awareness of cervical cancer and the acceptability of HPV vaccines.

关 键 词：预防疫苗 宫颈癌 人乳头瘤病毒 中国 

分 类 号：R711.74[医药卫生—妇产科学]