2018-2021年潍坊市流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of mumps,Weifang city,2018-2021

作　　者：王园园[1] 王绍清[1] 魏军[1] 谷翠梅 李海涛[1] WANG Yuan-yuan;WANG Shao-qing;WEI Jun;GU Cui-mei;LI Hai-tao(Immunization Program Section,Weifang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Weifang,Shandong,261061,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,山东261061

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2022年第5期353-356,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：2020年度山东省潍坊市卫生和健康委员会科研项目(WFWSJK-2020-256)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2018-2021年潍坊市流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,评估2020年免疫策略调整后的防控效果。方法 通过全民健康保障疾控信息系统报告的2018-2021年潍坊市流行性腮腺炎报告发病数据,采用描述性流行病学方法,分析流行性腮腺炎的发病特征。结果 2018-2021年潍坊市累计报告流行性腮腺炎病例991例,年均发病率为3.52/10万,不同年份发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=74.75,P<0.01)。全年各月均有报告病例,发病呈季节性规律,10月-次年1月、3-7月为报告发病高峰;病例男女性别比为1.52∶1,以3~6岁年龄组占比最多(48.94%),职业分布以学生和托幼儿童为主,分别占32.49%、32.09%。年均发病率最高的县市区为奎文区(5.81/10万),最低的为青州市(0.64/10万)。1.32%(12/991)的病例存在临床合并症,其中合并睾丸炎、胰腺炎、心肌炎、中耳炎各占25%。实验室检测中,血清学阳性率为13.59%(75/552),核酸检测阳性率为0.97%(5/518)。2020年下半年较之前发病率下降47.70%。结论 2018-2021年潍坊市流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征未发生明显改变,但实施免疫策略调整后,疫情得到控制,呈下降趋势。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Weifang city during 2018-2021,and evaluate the effect of prevention and control after immunization strategy adjustment in 2020.Methods Data of the cases of mumps reported in the National Health Insurance Disease Control Information System during 2018-2021 was collected,descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Weifang city.Results A total of 991 cases of mumps were reported during 2018-2021 in Weifang city,the average annual incidence was 3.52/105,there were statistically significant differences among different years in the incidence(χ~2=74.75,P<0.01).There were cases reported each month throughout the year,however,the incidence showed a seasonal profile,with the peaks occurring from March to July and from November to January of the following year.For reported cases,the male to female ratio was 1.52∶1,the most cases distributed in age group of 3 to 6 years(48.94%,485/991),the main occupation distribution occurred in students and children in kindergarten,accounting for 32.49%(322/991) and 32.09%(318/991) respectively.The highest annual incidence was found in Kuiwen district(5.81/105),and the lowest was found in Qingzhou city(0.64/105).1.32% of the cases had clinical complications(12/991),among them,orchitis,pancreatitis,myocarditis and otitis media each account for 25%.The serological positive rate was 13.59%(75/552) and nucleic acid positive rate was 0.97%(5/518) in laboratory tests.In the second half of 2020,the incidence decreased by 47.70% compared to the previous period.Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of mumps have not changed during 2018-2021.After the immunization strategies adjustment,the epidemic of mumps is effectively controlled on a declining curve.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 流行病学 免疫策略 

分 类 号：R512.1[医药卫生—内科学]