泉州市1例疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎Ⅲ型病毒健康携带者的调查和处置  

Investigation and response on a healthy carrier with vaccine-derived poliovirus type Ⅲ,Quanzhou city

作　　者：彭艳兰[1] 曾珊珊 陈雅红[1] 陈秋婷[1] PENG Yan-lan;ZENG Shan-shan;CHEN Ya-hong;CHEN Qiu-ting(Quanzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Quanzhou,Fujian,362000 China;不详)

机构地区：[1]泉州市疾病预防控制中心,福建362000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2022年第5期386-388,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：福建省泉州市科技计划项目(2018N094S)。

摘　　要：目的 通过对泉州市1例疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(VDPV)健康携带者进行流行病学调查,了解其发生及处理情况,评价其处理效果。方法 对1例急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例和VDPV健康携带者进行个案调查,采集粪便标本病毒分离,对个案常住地和户籍地及医院进行AFP病例主动搜索,对儿童开展常规接种率快速评价和应急接种工作。结果 经过省级专家诊断组诊断,该个案为VDPV健康携带者,从该健康携带者分离到脊灰Ⅲ型病毒株,VP1区发生10个碱基变异,与Sabin疫苗株脊灰病毒相比核苷酸变异率为1.10%。AFP监测系统运转良好,当地儿童脊灰疫苗接种率高,粪便标本经连续监测未再发现VDPV。结论 该例AFP病例监测系统敏感,所采取应急处置措施快速有效,有效地阻断了VDPV的循环。Objective An epidemiological investigation was conducted on a healthy carrier with vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV)in Quanzhou city,so as to know its occurrence and treatment,and to evaluate the effect of taken measures.Methods Case investigation was conducted when the VDPV carrier occurred between the AFP and healthy carrier.Stool specimens were collected for enterovirus isolation.Active search for AFP cases in the places of residence and domicile and hospitals were conducted.Routine immunization coverage rates of children were evaluated rapidly and emergency vaccination was conducted.Results The case was diagnosed as a healthy carrier of VDPV by the provincial expert group.Poliovirus type III was isolated from this carrier.10 nucleotides in VP1 of the isolated strain had variation;there was more than 1.10% of nucleotide variation,compared with Sabin vaccine strain of poliovirus.The AFP surveillance system was functioning well,the routine immunization rate against polio were fairly high among local children,and no VDPV was isolated from collected stool specimen.Conclusion The AFP surveillance is sensitive,and the emergency measures adopted are quick and effective,effectively blocking the circulation of VDPV.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎 疫苗衍生脊灰病毒 弛缓性麻痹 疫苗 免疫规划 

分 类 号：R682.21[医药卫生—骨科学]