温州湾海域潮形偏态时空分布特征研究  

Study on spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of tidal skewness in the Wenzhou Bay

作　　者：冯曦 周雨晨 孙凤明 徐欢 温世玮 孙壮 刘诗静 冯卫兵[1] Feng Xi;Zhou Yuchen;Sun Fengming;Xu Huan;Wen Shiwei;Sun Zhuang;Liu Shijing;Feng Weibing(College of Harbour,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;China Harbour Engineering Company Ltd.,Beijing 100027,China;Jiangsu Province Water Engineering Sci-tech Consulting Company Ltd.,Nanjing 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]中国港湾工程有限责任公司,北京100027 [3]江苏省水利工程科技咨询有限公司,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《海洋学报》2022年第7期25-36,共12页

基　　金：中长周期波浪条件下港口工程建造关键技术研究(ZJ2015-1)。

摘　　要：人类活动引起的岸线变化影响着近岸海域的潮波在传播过程中的运动特征。本研究基于瓯江口与乐清湾5个验潮站,时间跨度为1984−2019年的逐时潮位实测资料,分析了该海域潮波形态的时空变化规律并解构造成潮汐不对称性的主要分潮簇的贡献度。研究发现,温州湾海域瓯江河口与乐清湾潮形有明显的不同,潮汐不对称性在瓯江河口涨潮占优,且向上游方向持续增大,但在乐清湾内则落潮占优。该海域潮汐不对称性呈现出明显的季节性变化特征。在6−7月、12月至翌年1月时γ值达到最大。该海域潮汐不对称性主要由分潮组合M_(2)/M_(4)、M_(2)/S_(2)/MS_(4)、M_(2)/N_(2)/MN_(4)等分潮簇控制,分潮簇如M_(2)/S_(2)/MS_(4)、M_(2)/N_(2)/MN_(4)、O_(1)/K_(1)/M_(2)的不对称贡献度则表现出明显的季节性变化。从2000年起,温州湾海域涨潮占优的潮汐不对称性呈现逐渐减弱的趋势,这与瓯江河口频繁的海岸工程存在一定的联系。The changes of shoreline caused by human activities affect the kinematic characteristics of tidal wave in the propagation process.Based on the hourly tidal level data from five tidal stations in the Wenzhou Bay from 1984 to 2019,the temporal and spatial variation of tidal wave patterns in this area and deconstructed the contribution of major tidal clusters to the tidal asymmetry is analyzed in this study.The results show that the tidal patterns in Oujiang Estuary and Yueqing Bay,two semi-enclosed embayments of the Wenzhou Bay,are obviously different.The tidal symmetry of Oujiang Estuary is flood-dominant tide and the tidal asymmetry increases continuously in the upstream direction,whilst tide is ebb-dominant in Yueqing Bay.Moreover,the tidal asymmetry shows distinct seasonal variation.The skewness (γ) reaches maximum in June to July and December to January in the Wenzhou Bay.The tidal asymmetry in this area is mainly controlled by the component groups such as M_(2)/M_(4)、M_(2)/S_(2)/MS_(4)、M_(2)/N_(2)/MN_(4).The skewness caused by nonlinear interactions from M_(2)/S_(2)/MS_(4)、M_(2)/N_(2)/MN_(4)、O_(1)/K_(1)/M_(2) shows obvious seasonal variation.Since 2000,the tidal asymmetry of Wenzhou Bay has been decreasing,which is related to the frequent reclamation surrounding the Oujiang Estuary.

关 键 词：潮形偏态 温州湾 分潮簇 岸线变动 季节性变化 年际变化 枯洪期 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]