7075铝合金挤压方棒表面缺陷的产生原因及预防措施  

Causes and preventive measures of surface defects of 7075 aluminum alloy extruded square bar

作　　者：韦祖祥 何建贤[1,2] 周伟 覃耀霖[1] 王玉文 杨显芳 莫肇月 Wei Zuxiang;He Jianxian;Zhou Wei;Qin Yaolin;Wang Yuwen;Yang Xianfang;Mo Zhaoyue(Guangxi Alnan Aluminum Fabrication Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530031;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Materialsand Processes of Aluminum Alloys,Nanning 530031,China)

机构地区：[1]广西南南铝加工有限公司,南宁530031 [2]广西铝合金材料与加工重点实验室,南宁530031

出　　处：《铝加工》2022年第3期27-30,48,共5页Aluminium Fabrication

摘　　要：分析了7075铝合金挤压方棒几种常见缺陷的形成原因并提出了相应的预防措施。具体措施包括优化合金成分设计,控制Cu、Mg、Cr、Zn元素占比;提高精炼除气和铸造水平,减少铸锭疏松、气孔等缺陷;对铸锭进行双极均匀化退火,减小变形抗力;调整挤压参数,增加墩粗压力和排气次数,慢速突破;减短导流槽深度,对模具工作带进行强化处理,提高硬度、耐磨性、热稳定性。通过这些预防措施的应用,可以有效减少在7075铝合金挤压方棒表面上形成麻面和气泡等缺陷。The causes of common defects of 7075 aluminum alloy extruded square bar were analyzed,and the corresponding preven⁃tive measures were put forward.The concrete measures include optimizing the alloy composition design and controlling the propor⁃tion of Cu,Mg,Cr and Zn elements;improving refining,degassing and casting level,reducing loose,porosity and other defects;the in⁃got is homogenized by bipolar annealing to reduce the deformation resistance;adjusting extrusion parameters,increasing the upsetting pressure and exhausting times,slow breakthrough;reducing the depth of the guide groove,strengthening the working belt of the mold,improving the hardness,wear resistance,thermal stability.These preventive measures can effectively reduce the formation of pockmarks and bubbles on the surface of 7075 aluminum alloy extruded square bar.

关 键 词：7075铝合金 挤压方棒 麻面 气泡 铸造 挤压 

分 类 号：TG376.8[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]