外泌体中环状RNA在癌症早期诊断中的研究进展  

Research Progress of Exosomal Circular RNA in Early Diagnosis of Cancer

作　　者：汪洁 苏丽清 黄淑铃 林晓婧 郑燕宁 李玉荷 伊雪 WANG Jie;SU Liqing;HUANG Shuling;LIN Xiaojing;ZHENG Yanning;LI Yuhe;YI Xue(Department of Basic Medicine,Xiamen Medical College,Xiamen 361023,China;Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine,Fujian Province University,Xiamen Medical College,Xiamen 361023,China;Institute of Respiratory Diseases,Xiamen Medical College,Xiamen 361023,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门医学院基础医学部,福建厦门361023 [2]厦门医学院机能与临床转化福建省高校重点实验室,福建厦门361023 [3]厦门医学院呼吸疾病研究所,福建厦门361023

出　　处：《医学综述》2022年第12期2373-2378,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：厦门市本土领军人才支持计划项目(厦委组〔2020〕89号);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT190823);厦门医学院呼吸疾病研究所课题(HXJB-03);厦门医学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202012631040)。

摘　　要：外泌体是一类由细胞释放的、具有脂质双层膜性结构的细胞外囊泡。外泌体能够携带蛋白质、核酸、脂质和糖等生物活性分子,并在细胞间起着重要的信息传递作用。环状RNA(circRNA)是一类具有特殊环状结构且耐受核酸外切酶降解的新型非编码RNA,广泛存在于各种体液中,且在外泌体中与线性RNA的比例是细胞中的6倍。circRNA可通过外泌体在供体细胞和受体细胞之间作为信使来介导多种信号通路,外泌体circRNA有可能作为癌症早期诊断与筛查的指标。Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with lipid bilayer membranous structures released by cells.Exosomes can carry bioactive molecules such as proteins,nucleic acids,lipids and sugars,and play an important role in information transmission between cells.Circular RNA(circRNA)is a new type of non-coding RNA with a special circular structure and is resistant to degradation by exonuclease.It is widely found in various body fluids,and the ratio of circRNA to linear RNA in exosomes is 6 times that in cells.circRNA can be transferred from exosomes to donor cells and recipient cells as messengers to mediate a variety of signaling pathways,suggesting that exosomal circRNA have the potential to be used as indicators for the early diagnosis and screening of cancer.

关 键 词：癌症 环状RNA 外泌体 诊断标志物 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]