舍饲模拟松嫩草地不同退化阶段牧草组成对绵羊养分及矿物质代谢的影响  

Effects of forage composition on metabolism of nutrients and minerals in sheep under different degradation stages of Songnen grassland simulated by house feeding

作　　者：谢小来[1] 王雪[1] 王一臻 焦培鑫 扈光辉[1] 孙海霞[2] XIE Xiaolai;WANG Xue;WANG Yizhen;JIAO Peixin;HU Guanghui;SUN Haixia(School of Animal Sciences and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,CAS,Harbin 150081,China;School of Life Sciences,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,哈尔滨150081 [3]东北师范大学生命科学学院,长春130024

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2022年第6期38-47,共10页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31973001)。

摘　　要：以绵羊为试验动物,通过消化代谢试验,研究不同退化阶段牧草组成对绵羊养分及矿物质代谢的影响,为评价草地退化对放牧绵羊营养摄入影响及绵羊营养补充提供参考。采用单因素试验设计,将12只(30.49±4.31 kg BW)德国肉用美利奴与东北细毛羊杂交绵羊,随机分成3个处理组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复1只羊,不同退化阶段牧草作为各组全部日粮来源,分别为:未退化草地、中度退化草地和重度退化草地,正试饲养试验60 d,消化代谢试验试验期4 d。结果表明,与未退化阶段绵羊相比,重度退化阶段极显著提高干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)消化率(P<0.01),显著提高有机物(OM)消化率(P<0.05),中度退化阶段和重度退化阶段绵羊显著提高蛋白质采食量(P<0.05)。随草地退化程度加深,绵羊钠、镁、铁、铜、锰摄入量极显著增加(P<0.01)。与NRC推荐绵羊矿物质需要量相比,不同退化阶段牧草组成日粮可满足绵羊钙、磷、钠、钾、镁、硫、锰和铁需要,但无法满足绵羊锌、铜需要。从吸收和利用角度分析,未退化草地无法满足绵羊硫需要量;未退化草地和中度退化草地无法满足绵羊铁需要量。In this study,sheep were used as test animals to study the effects of forage composition at different degradation stages on nutrient and mineral metabolism of sheep through diges tion and metabolism experiments,so as to provide reference for evaluating the effects of grassland degradation on nutrient intake and nutritional supplement of grazing sheep.Twelve(30.49±4.31 kg BW)German Merino crossbred sheep were randomly divided into three treatment groups with four replicates in each treatment and one sheep in each replicate.Forage at different degradation stages was used as the source of total diet in each group,respectively.In undegraded grassland,moderately degraded grassland and severely degraded grassland,the trial feeding experiment lasted for 60 days,and the digestion and metabolism experiment lasted for 4 days.The results showed that compared with the undegraded grassland,the digestibilities of DM,CP and NDF of sheep were significantly increased in severely degraded grassland(P<0.01),and significantly increased the digestibilities of OM in sheep(P<0.05).Compared with undegraded grassland,moderate degraded grassland and severely degraded grassland significantly increased the protein intake of sheep(P<0.05).With the deepening of undegraded degradation,the intake of sodium,magnesium,iron,copper and manganese of sheep increased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the mineral requirements of sheep recommended by NRC,the forage composition diets at different degradation stages could meet the needs of calcium,phosphorus,sodium,potassium,magnesium,sulfur,manganese and iron,but could not meet the needs of zinc and copper.From the perspective of absorption and utilization,undegraded grassland could not meet the requirement of sheep sulfur.Undegraded grasslands and moderately degraded grasslands could not meet the needs of sheep iron.

关 键 词：松嫩草地 绵羊 养分 矿物质 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]