大高差地区平面控制网边长改化分析探讨  

Analysis and Discussion on Side Length Modification of Plane Control Network in Large Elevation Difference

作　　者：林春峰[1] 赵兵 宋益桥 郭刚 LIN Chunfeng;ZHAO Bing;SONG Yiqiao;GUO Gang(China Railway ErYuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.(CRECC),Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,四川成都610031

出　　处：《测绘与空间地理信息》2022年第6期202-205,共4页Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology

摘　　要：在大高差地区进行平面控制网测量时,如何解决全站仪往返测平距较差超限的问题,对控制网的严密平差计算十分关键。本文先对大气折光系数K值的测定原理和方法进行了阐述,然后推导了顾及球气差改正和高程归化的边长改化公式,并计算了高程归化对全站仪测距观测值的改正值,最后以某大高差地区隧道CPII控制网为例,将经过球气差改正及高程归化后的边长改化成果进行对比分析,得出结论:在测边高差大且边长较长的情况下进行平面控制网测量时,必须对测量区域的大气折光系数进行测定,且需要进行球气差改正,再将改化后的平距归化到测区平均高程面上,通过上述改化后,能够很好地解决全站仪往返测平距较差超限的问题。When the plane control network is surveyed in large elevation difference area,it is very important for the strict adjustment calcucationof the control network to solve the problem of over-limit of the round-trip survey of total station.this paper firstly describes the theory and method of the measurement of atmospheric refraction coefficient K,then dedudes the formula of side length modification taking into account the corrcection of the ball gas difference and elevation naturalization,and calculates the correction value of elevation naturalization to total station distance measurement,finally,taking the tunnel CPII control network in large elevation difference area as an example,to compare and analyse the results of side length modification taking into account the spherical air difference correction and elevation naturalization,draw a conclusion that when the plane control network is measured withlarge height difference of the measured side and longside length,the atmospheric refraction coefficient of the measured area must be measured and make the correction of the ball gas difference,then the modified horizontal distance needs to be calculated to the average height of survey area,after the above modification,it can solve the problem of over-limit of the round-trip survey of total station.

关 键 词：往返测平距较差 大气折光 高程归化 边长改化 

分 类 号：P221[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]