基于三维静电场法的高强铝合金多筋变截面构件预成形优化设计  

Preforming optimization design of high-strength aluminum alloy multi-reinforced variable-section components based on three-dimensional electrostatic field method

作　　者：李萍[1] 徐洪磊 黄晓雨 孟淼 薛克敏[1] LI Ping;XU Hong-lei;HUANG Xiao-yu;MENG Miao;XUE Ke-min(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2022年第6期51-57,共7页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51975175,51875158,52005145);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2008085QE229)。

摘　　要：针对高强铝合金多筋变截面复杂构件采用传统工艺方法成形时易出现成形载荷大、型腔充填不满等问题,提出了一种基于三维静电场预成形设计方法的多道次热模锻成形工艺。首先利用三维静电场法设计了预锻件形状,建立了预锻件形状与终锻成形质量之间的关联关系;然后基于BP人工神经网络和遗传算法优化出最优预锻件形状,再根据最优预锻件形状反向设计出初始坯料;最后,通过物理试验验证了该方法的可靠性。结果表明,当等势面电势值为0.0475 V、预锻件凸耳高度为31.7 mm时,锻件成形完整,成形载荷由传统工艺方法成形时的923 t降至381 t,实现了该锻件的省力精确成形。Aiming at the problem of large forming load and insufficient cavity filling during traditional forming process of high-strength aluminum alloy multi-reinforced variable-section complex components,a multi-pass hot-die forging forming process based on three-dimensional electrostatic field preforming design method was proposed.Firstly,the shape of preforged part was designed by three-dimensional electrostatic field method,and the correlation relationship between the shape of preforged part and the final forging quality was established;then,the optimal shape of preforged part was optimized based on BP artificial neural network and genetic algorithm,and then the initial billet was designed in reverse according to the optimal shape of preforged part;finally,the reliability of the method was verified by physical tests.The results show that when the potential value of the equipotential surface is 0.0475 V and the lug height of the preforged part is 31.7 mm,the forging is formed completely and the forming load is reduced from 923 t when forming by traditional process method to 381 t,which achieves precise forming with less effort of the forgings.

关 键 词：高强铝合金 多筋变截面构件 静电场 预成形设计方法 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TG316.3[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]