水稻半矮杆突变体‘双辐矮糯’的农艺性状与遗传分析  

Analysis on Agronomic Characters and Heritance for the Rice Semi-dwarf Mutant‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’

作　　者：张林金 袁定阳 刘桃李[3,4] 谭颖 杨震 曾建光 王学华 谭炎宁[2,4] ZHANG Linjin;YUAN Dingyang;LIU Taoli;TAN Ying;YANG Zhen;ZENG Jianguang;WANG Xuehua;TAN Yanning(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Hunan University of Humanities,Science and Technology,Loudi,Hunan 417000,China;Hunan Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences and Space Mutagenesis Breeding,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心/杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [3]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [4]湖南人文科技学院农业与生物技术学院,湖南娄底417000 [5]湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2022年第6期1122-1128,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFD0301501);海南省重大科技计划项目(No.ZDKJ2021002,No.ZDKJ2020001)。

摘　　要：倒伏是影响水稻(Oryza sativa L.)生产的重要因素,半矮杆是协调高产和抗倒性的理想资源。前期通过辐射诱变‘湘辐糯1号’获得了半矮杆突变体‘双辐矮糯’。本研究分析了‘双辐矮糯’的茎节配置特点、基本农艺性状及其遗传规律。结果表明:‘双辐矮糯’株高较‘湘辐糯1号’(133.13 cm)降低了24.88 cm,穗、第1节和第2节长度显著缩短,降幅分别达到18.10%、23.06%和19.13%,而第3、4、5节长度缩短程度不明显,表明其株高突变基因主要控制穗和高位茎节的伸长。‘双辐矮糯’的单株有效穗为10.4个,是‘湘辐糯1号’(5.2个)的2.04倍,其强分蘖能力确保了在每穗总粒数下降20.24%和千粒重下降7.51%情况下单株产量仍表现出25.26%的增长。品质分析发现,‘双辐矮糯’的粒长、粒宽、长宽比等外观品质指标及直链淀粉含量、胶稠度等食味品质指标与‘湘辐糯1号’无显著差异,说明‘双辐矮糯’株高的下降未对外观品质与食味品质产生不利影响。遗传分析发现,48对SSR标记在‘双辐矮糯’与‘湘辐糯1号’间扩增出了完全一致的基因型,二者遗传背景相似度达到了100.00%,证实了‘双辐矮糯’是源于‘湘辐糯1号’的真实变异。利用‘双辐矮糯’与‘湘辐糯1号’构建了2个正反交F_(2)群体,分析发现群体中半矮杆植株与野生型植株理论分离比符合1∶3,表明半矮杆性状受一个隐性细胞核基因控制。本研究明确了‘双辐矮糯’的株高表型和遗传特点,为深入挖掘其育种价值奠定基础。Lodging is an important factor affecting the production of rice(Oryza sativa L.).The semi-dwarf materials are ideal germplasms to coordinate the contradiction between yield and lodging resistance.Previously,a semi-dwarf mutant named‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’was obtained in‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’induced by radiation mutagenesis.Here,this work aims to reveal its characters on stem node configuration,basic agronomic traits and genetic law.It showed that‘ShuangFu-Ai-Nuo’was 24.88 cm lower than‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’with a plant height of 133.11 cm.In particular,panicle,the first and second stem node was notably shortened by 18.10%,23.06%and 19.19%respectively.But,the third,fourth and fifth ones were not obviously shortened,indicating the target gene mainly controlls the elongation of panicle and upper stem node.The effective panicle number per plant in‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’amounted to 10.4,and it was 2.04times of the level of 5.2 in‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’.Such a superiority ensured an increase of 25.26%in yield per plant although a decrease of 20.24%for total grains per panicle and 7.51%for grain weight.Meanwhile,no notable difference was observed in appearance quality including grain length,grain width and length to width ratio between‘Xiang-FuNuo No.1’and‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’.Similarly,the two samples remained the same level on the eating quality regarding amylose content and gel consistency,suggesting the semi-dwarfism habit has no adverse effects on rice quality.The detection of genetic background revealed that,‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’and‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’confered the same genotype for each one of the 48 SSR markers.Due to the genetic similarity of 100.00%,‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’was confirmed a real sibling that induced from‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’.Moreover,the inheritance of the trait of plant height were investigated,by employing two F_(2) population derived from‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’reciprocally crossed with‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’.The theoretical separation ratio of semi-dwarf plants to wild-type plants

关 键 词：水稻 双辐矮糯 株高 半矮杆 突变体 

分 类 号：S511.6[农业科学—作物学]