电解水制氢厂站经济性分析  

Economic analysis of hydrogen production plant with water electrolysis

作　　者：徐进 丁显 宫永立 何广利 胡婷 XU Jin;DING Xian;GONG Yongli;HE Guangli;HU Ting(China Green Development Group,Beijing 100020,China;Ducheng Weiye Group Co,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China;New Energy Technology R&D Center,Beijing Institute of Low-Carbon Clean Energy,Beijing 102211,China)

机构地区：[1]中国绿发投资集团有限公司,北京100020 [2]都城伟业集团有限公司,北京100020 [3]北京低碳清洁能源研究院新能源技术研究中心,北京102211

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2022年第7期2374-2385,共12页Energy Storage Science and Technology

摘　　要：氢能是支撑智能电网和可再生能源发电规模化的最佳能源载体,发展电解水制氢是实现碳减排的重要技术路径。当前,电解水制氢成本较高,尚不具备在工业、交通、建筑等领域大规模应用的竞争力。本文对电解水制氢厂站的全生命周期成本进行研究,比较不同技术路线下电解水制氢的成本构成。结果表明,设备购置成本、电力成本和设备耐久性是影响电解水制氢综合成本的关键因素。碱性电解槽由于具有更低的设备购置成本,综合制氢成本低于质子交换膜电解槽。提高电解槽运行温度、开发高效率电解槽以及提高电解槽耐久性可显著降低电解制氢厂站的全生命周期电耗,从而降低制氢综合成本。分析表明,每降低制氢电耗1 k Wh/Nm^(3),可降低氢气平准化成本幅度为1.1 P元/Nm^(3)(P是电价,元/kWh);当电价更低时,氢气的平准化成本也相应降低,电价降低0.01元/kWh,氢气平准化成本的降幅为0.057元/Nm^(3)。Hydrogen is the most suitable energy carrier for smart networks and large-scale renewable energy generation.Currently,the cost of hydrogen produced by water electrolysis is rather expensive,making it uncompetitive for large-scale use in manufacturing,transportation,construction,and other industries.In this study,we have investigated the whole life cycle cost of a hydrogen production plant with water electrolysis and compared the cost composition under different technical routes.According to the findings,the primary elements influencing the total cost of water electrolysis for hydrogen generation are equipment acquisition cost,power cost,and equipment durability.Because of the lower equipment purchase cost,alkaline electrolyzers have lower total hydrogen production costs than proton exchange membrane electrolyzers.The full-life-cycle power consumption of electrolytic hydrogen production plants can be significantly lowered by increasing the operating temperature of the electrolyzer,developing a high-efficiency electrolyzer,and improving the durability of the electrolyzer,thereby reducing the overall cost of hydrogen production.The results demonstrate that reducing the power usage of hydrogen production by 1 k Wh/Nm^(3)reduces the levelized cost of hydrogen by 1.1 P yuan/Nm^(3)(P is the electricity price,yuan/kWh).When the price of electricity falls,so does the levelized cost of hydrogen.Correspondingly,the electricity price is reduced by 0.01 yuan/kWh,and the reduction in the levelized cost of hydrogen is 0.057 yuan/Nm^(3).

关 键 词：电解水制氢 氢能 经济性评价 

分 类 号：TK09[动力工程及工程热物理]