兔粪与香油渣混合堆肥优势好氧发酵菌剂的筛选  

Screening of Aerobic Fermentation Inoculants for Mixed Composting of Rabbit Manure and Sesame Oil Residue

作　　者：张国言 杨萍萍[2] 张连芝 孙桂阳 火兴宇 于滨 董元杰[1] ZHANG Guoyan;YANG Pingping;ZHANG Lianzhi;SUN Guiyang;HUO Xingyu;YU Bin;DONG Yuanjie(College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an Shandong,271018,China;College of Animal Science and Veterinary,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an Shandong,271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《河北科技师范学院学报》2022年第1期17-26,共10页Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(项目编号:SD2019ZZ021);国家重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2017YFD0201705)共同资助。

摘　　要：为选择适宜于兔粪香油渣发酵用的混合好氧发酵菌剂,促进兔粪和香油渣类农业废弃物的资源化利用进程,本次研究以兔粪和香油渣为原料,设置10个试验组和1个对照组。以发酵温度,含水率,pH,发芽指数,腐殖酸质量分数,养分含量,微生物总量和三维荧光分析等各项指标为依据,评价10种发酵菌剂对物料发酵的效果。结果表明:在初始C/N为25∶1,混合料中水的质量分数为60%,pH 7.0左右和室温25℃条件下进行好氧发酵堆肥,亨坤菌剂温度上升最快,发酵效率较高;在堆肥结束后,亨坤菌剂的C/N下降幅度最大,腐熟最为迅速。各菌剂处理氮磷钾总养分含量均处于较高水平,有机质质量分数均达到国家标准,小白菜种子发芽势均达到无害化标准。亨坤菌剂发酵产物微生物量较高,更有益于堆体发酵。三维荧光光谱分析结果也表明,堆肥结束时亨坤菌剂发酵产物类腐殖酸物质含量最高,腐熟效果最好。综合各项监测指标,本次试验的10种供试菌剂中,除常规菌株外,以链霉菌、圆褐固氮菌、绿色木霉菌、丝状真菌、弧菌属和副球菌属细菌为主要成分的亨坤菌剂发酵效果最佳,最适于兔粪和香油渣混合材料好氧发酵制备有机肥。In order to select mixed aerobic fermenting agents suitable for the fermentation of rabbit manure and sesame oil residue,promote the development of new special aerobic fermenting agents,improve the maturation efficiency and compost quality,and promote the process of resource utilization of rabbit manure and sesame oil residue agricultural waste,an indoor aerobic composting test method was used to set up 10 test groups and one control group with rabbit manure and sesame oil residue as raw materials.The effect of the 10 fermentation agents on the fermentation of the materials was evaluated based on the indexes of fermentation temperature,moisture content,pH,germination index,humic acid,nutrient content,total microorganism and three-dimensional fluorescence analysis.The results showed that the aerobic fermentation composting was carried out at the initial C/N of 25∶1,the mass fraction of water in the mixture was 60%,the pH was about 7.0 and the room temperature was 25℃,the temperature of Hengkun’s bacterium increased the fastest and the fermentation efficiency was higher;at the end of composting,the C/N of Hengkun's bacterium decreased the most and the decomposition was the most rapid.The total nutrient content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of each fungicide treatment was at a high level,the organic matter content all reached the national standard,and the germination potential of cabbage seeds all reached the harmless standard.The higher microbial amount of Hengkun's fermentation product was more beneficial to the pile fermentation.The results of three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum analysis also showed that the content of humic acid-like substances in the fermentation products of Hengkun Fungus Agent was the highest at the end of composting,and the maturation effect was the best.Among the 10 kinds of test agents,in addition to the conventional strains,the fermentation effect of Streptomyces,round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria,green wood mould,filamentous fungi,Vibrio and Paracoccus bacteria is the

关 键 词：混合堆肥 兔粪 香油渣 好氧发酵 菌剂 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]