对焦炭微观结构的认识及研究进展  

Understanding and research progress of coke microstructure

作　　者：刘圆 谢全安 程欢 王杰平 梁英华 赵昊达 LIU Yuan;XIE Quanan;CHENG Huan;WANG Jieping;LIANG Yinghua;ZHAO Haoda(Chemical Engineering Institute,North China University of Science and Engineering,Tangshan063009,China;Coal Chemical Engineering Technique Research Center of Hebei Province,Tangshan063009,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学化学工程学院,河北唐山063009 [2]河北省煤化工工程技术研究中心,河北唐山063009

出　　处：《煤质技术》2022年第3期1-8,共8页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金—钢铁联合研究基金资助项目(E2018209310);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目—青年基金资助项目(QN2020217)。

摘　　要：焦炭主要用于高炉冶炼且在高炉中具有不可或缺的重要作用,而冶炼技术的发展导致对焦炭质量的要求日益提升。基质结构和孔隙结构等焦炭微观结构是影响焦炭质量的主要因素,从光学显微组织、X射线衍射、高分辨率透射电镜、拉曼光谱等研究手段剖析对焦炭基质结构的认识,并从显微图像分析法、压汞法、气体吸附法等孔隙结构研究方法阐述对焦炭孔隙结构的认识。从焦炭基质结构、焦炭孔隙结构对宏观性能的影响解析焦炭微观结构与宏观性能的关系,并分析微观结构随溶损反应的演变,论述了焦炭结构与焦炭质量的关系,并就目前研究的不足之处提出未来的研究发展方向。通过对焦炭微观结构的认识及研究进展现状进行综述可知:高分辨率透射电镜和拉曼光谱等新技术的补充可从晶体结构和分子结构角度加深对焦炭基质结构的认识;压汞法和气体吸附法的补充可进一步分析过渡孔和纳米孔等更小的孔径,但由于焦炭的气孔结构异常复杂,靠现有手段全面认识焦炭的孔隙结构仍有一段距离;焦炭光学组织中的光学各向异性程度、微晶尺寸、孔隙率等参数与焦炭冷热态性质紧密相关,但建立焦炭微观结构与宏观性质之间的定量关系仍有较大困难;碳微晶单元尺寸越大,气孔率越低,冷热态强度越好;研究焦炭微观结构随溶损反应的演变,可更好地认识焦炭的宏观热性能,而溶损反应后焦炭的孔隙率上升,相邻小孔合并,平均孔径增大,强度降低。精密检测仪器和计算机的发展有利于提高对焦炭微观结构的认识,未来需从炼焦煤成焦机理入手以探寻焦炭微观结构形成规律、建立新型煤-焦质量对应关系,从而更加精细化地指导配煤炼焦生产。Coke is mainly used in blast furnace smelting and plays an indispensable role in blast furnaces, and the development of smelting technology leads to the increasing demand for coke quality.Matrix structure and pore structure of coke microstructure are the main factors affecting the coke quality, and the understanding of the matrix structure of coke was analyzed by optical microstructure, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, and the understanding of the pore structure of coke was elaborated by microscopic image analysis, mercury intrusion method and gas adsorption method.Based on the influence of coke matrix structure and pore structure on the macroscopical properties, the relationship between coke microstructure and macroscopical properties was analyzed, and the evolution of coke microstructure with solution loss reaction was analyzed.The relationship between coke structure and coke quality was discussed, and the future research direction was put forward based on the shortcomings of current research.A review of the understanding of the microstructure of coke and the current status of research progress shows that: the supplementation of new techniques such as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy can deepen the understanding of the coke matrix structure from the perspective of crystal structure and molecular structure;the supplementation of mercury intrusion method and gas adsorption method can further analyze smaller pore sizes such as transition pores and nanopores, but due to the exceptionally complex pore structure of coke, there is still a long way to go to fully understand the pore structure of coke by existing means.The degree of optical anisotropy, microcrystal size, porosity and other parameters are closely related to the cold and thermal properties of coke, but it is still difficult to establish the quantitative relationship between the microstructure and macroscopic properties of coke;the larger the size of carbon mi

关 键 词：焦炭微观结构 基质结构 孔隙结构 溶损反应 结构演变 宏观性能 焦炭质量 高分辨率透射电镜 气体吸附法 

分 类 号：TF526.1[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]