脑死亡遗体异种移植亚临床模型——实验研究到临床研究的关键性突破  

A sub-clinic xenograft model of brain-death decedent as recipients——A major step forward from laboratory study to clinic trail

作　　者：陈忠华 CHEN Zhonghua(Institute of Organ Transplantation,Tongji Hospital,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Organ Procurement Organization,Tongji Hospital,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学附属同济医院器官移植研究所,华中科技大学附属同济医院器官获取组织(OPO),武汉430030

出　　处：《中国普外基础与临床杂志》2022年第6期701-704,共4页Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics In General Surgery

摘　　要：近年来,基因工程(genetic engineering,GE)和克隆技术的突破性进展使得“无指定病原体(designated pathogen free,DPF)异种移植(xenotransplantation,XENO)医用(medical,M)猪”(以下简称:GEDPF-XENO-M猪)培育成功。以GE-DPF-XENO-M猪为基础,大量以非人类灵长类动物(non human primates,NHPs)为受体的异种移植实验基本上回答了人们最为关心的问题:(1)克服超急性排斥反应;(2)克服跨物种感染。这些成就直接催生了新型“异种移植亚临床研究模型”的问世。2021年底,美国Montgomery及Porrett团队先后将GE猪肾移植到3例脑死亡遗体,48~72 h观察没有超急性排异反应发生。这3例亚临床研究为异种移植进入临床研究提供了科学依据。2022年1月7日,美国马里兰Griffith等将一颗GE猪心移植给一位严重心脏功能衰竭的患者,并存活59 d。以上进展表明异种移植向临床研究阶段迈出了关键性一步,值得我国同行关注和借鉴。In recent years,breakthroughs in genetic engineering(GE)and cloning technology have led to the successful cultivation of“designated pathogen free(DPF)xenotransplantation(XENO)medical(M)pigs”(hereinafter referred to as GE-DPF-XENO-M pigs).Based on GE-DPF-XENO-M pigs,a large number of xenotransplantation experiments with non-human primates(NHPs)as recipients basically answered the most concerned questions:overcoming hyperacute rejection and cross species infection.These achievements directly accelerate to the emergence of a new“xenotransplantation subclinical research model”.At the end of 2021,Montgomery and Porrett teams in the United States successively transplanted GE pig kidney into the remains of 3 brain dead cases,no hyperacute rejection occurred after 48–72 hours.These three subclinical studies provide a scientific basis for xenotransplantation into clinical research.On January 7,2022,Griffith,Maryland,USA,etc.transplanted a GE pig heart to a patient with severe heart failure and survived for 59 days.The above progress shows that xenotransplantation has taken a key step towards the stage of clinical research,which is worthy of our peers’attention and reference.

关 键 词：异种器官移植 基因工程猪 肾移植 心移植 

分 类 号：R617[医药卫生—外科学]