外泌体在代谢相关脂肪性肝病发生发展及诊疗中的作用  

Role of Exosomes in Development,Diagnosis and Treatment of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease

作　　者：乐滢玉 王娜[2] 张荣臻[2] 毛德文[2] LE Yingyu;WANG Na;ZHANG Rongzhen;MAO Dewen(Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530222,Guangxi,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530023,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中医药大学,广西南宁530222 [2]广西中医药大学第一附属医院,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2022年第4期66-71,共6页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82060848,81960841,81774236);广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFAA281096)。

摘　　要：外泌体是调节人体生理功能的重要效应分子,并作为细胞间物质交换和信息传导的载体,参与靶细胞多种生物学过程。其广泛存在于人体体液中,且稳定易获取。研究表明,外泌体及其内含物参与多种肝脏疾病的发生发展,尤其在脂质代谢、胰岛素抵抗及肝细胞炎症反应中发挥了关键性的调节作用,并可能成为疾病诊疗的潜在新型生物学指标。就外泌体在代谢相关脂肪性肝病(metabolic associated fatty liver disease,MAFLD)的发病机制及其诊疗中的作用进行总结,发现外泌体通过调控脂质代谢、炎症因子的表达和相关信号通路的活性来抑制MAFLD的发生发展,说明其在MAFLD患者的筛查、诊断和治疗中具有靶点和药物载体的实用性和潜在可行性,但如何更好地分离、鉴定、纯化以及人工合成外泌体是一个巨大的挑战。此外,归纳了中医药在通过介导调节外泌体来源的miRNA的表达对MAFLD的干预作用,并对未来研究的重点和新方向提出建议,以期为其临床诊疗提供新的思路和参考。Exosomes are important effector molecules that regulate human physiological functions,and as carriers of material exchange and information transduction between cells,they participate in a variety of biological processes of target cells.It is widely present in human body fluids and is stable and readily available.Studies have shown that exosomes and their inclusions are involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of liver diseases,especially in lipid metabolism,insulin resistance and hepatocyte inflammation.It plays a key regulatory role,and may become a potential new biological indicators for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.This paper reviewed the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).The summary findings included exosomes can inhibit the occurrence and development of MAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism,the expressions of inflammatory factors and the activity of related signaling pathways,suggesting that exosomes have the utility and potential feasibility as targets and drug carriers in the screening,diagnosis and treatment of MAFLD patients.However,how to better isolate,identify,purify and synthesize exosomes is a huge challenge.In addition,this paper also summarized the intervention effect of traditional Chinese medicine on MAFLD by mediating and regulating the expression of miRNAs derived from exosomes,and put forward suggestions on the focus and new direction of future research,in order to provide new ideas and references for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.

关 键 词：代谢相关脂肪性肝病 外泌体 脂质代谢 生物标志物 炎症 研究进展 中医药 

分 类 号：R256.4[医药卫生—中医内科学]