黄芪多糖对糖尿病大鼠胰岛功能及血清胰高血糖素样肽-1水平的影响  

Effects of astragalus polysaccharide on islet function and glucagon-like peptide-1 expression on diabetic rats

作　　者：沙雯君 徐碧林[1] 申甜[1] 陈琳[1] 朱近悦[1] 陆明[1] 汪红平[1] 高洁 刘美志 雷涛[1] SHA Wenjun;XU Bilin;SHEN Tian;CHEN Lin;ZHU Jinyue;LU Ming;WANG Hongping;GAO Jie;LIU Meizhi;LEI Tao(Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital,Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市普陀区中心医院,上海中医药大学附属普陀医院内分泌科,上海200062

出　　处：《世界临床药物》2022年第3期243-247,共5页World Clinical Drug

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81704027、81774083);上海市重点专科(ZK2019B16);上海市卫计委临床研究专项(201840345)。

摘　　要：目的 研究黄芪多糖(astragalus polysaccharide,APS)对糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)大鼠胰岛功能及血清胰高血糖素样肽 -1(glucagon-like peptide-1,GLP-1) 水平的影响。方法 将 20 只 Wister 大鼠随机分为模型组 ( 生理盐水 ) 和 APS 组,每组 10 只。腹腔注射链脲佐菌素联合高脂饮食构建 DM 大鼠模型,另设 10 只 Wistar 大鼠作为正常组。灌胃给药 8 周,评估早时相、第二时相胰岛素分泌,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数和敏感指数,观察大鼠胰腺组织变化,测定 GLP-1 水平。结果 糖负荷后,模型组血糖高峰后延,60 min 达到顶点,模型组血糖上升最高,APS 组干预后血糖显著下降 (P < 0.01)。正常组在糖负荷后15 min 胰岛素快速分泌达到高峰,模型组胰岛素分泌平缓,APS 组胰岛素分泌高峰后延至 30 min。模型组曲线下面积;、胰岛素生成指数;、胰岛素生成指数;、稳态模型评价胰岛素敏感指数较正常组显著下降 (P < 0.01),APS 干预后明显上升(P < 0.01);模型组稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数较正常组明显增高 (P < 0.01),APS 干预后下降 (P < 0.05)。正常组胰岛细胞较多,颗粒饱满,胰岛形态完整,边界清晰;模型组胰岛细胞严重受损,数目减少,颗粒脱失,胰岛变小、数目减少,呈淀粉样变,形态边缘不规则,明显萎缩;APS 组胰岛细胞多,形态较完整,但胰岛变小,形态改变。结论 APS 可明显升高各时间点 GLP-1 水平,改善 DM 大鼠胰岛功能紊乱,降低 DM 大鼠糖耐量、胰岛素抵抗,提高早时相胰岛素分泌、胰岛素敏感性及 GLP-1 水平,调控血糖。Objective To study the effects of astragalus polysaccharide(APS) on islet function and serum glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)level in diabetes mellitus(DM) rats.Methods Twenty Wister rats were randomly divided into model group(normal saline) and astragalus polysaccharide group,with ten rats in each group.The DM rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin combined with high-fat diet,and ten Wistar rats were set as the normal group.After intragastric administration for eight weeks,the insulin secretion in the early phase and the second phase was evaluated,the insulin resistance index and sensitivity index were calculated,the changes of pancreatic tissue were observed,and the level of GLP-1 was measured.Results After glucose load,the peak of blood glucose in the model group was delayed and reached the peak at sixty minutes.The blood glucose in the model group increased the most,and the blood glucose in the APS group decreased significantly after intervention(P<0.01).In the normal group,the rapid insulin secretion reached the peak 15 minutes after glucose load,the insulin secretion in the model group was gentle,while the peak insulin secretion peaked at thirty minutes in the APS group.In the model group,the area under ROC curve;,insulin production index;,insulin production index;and insulin sensitivity index of steady-state mode evaluation method were significantly lower than those in the normal group(P<0.01),and APS increased significantly after intervention(P<0.01).The prognosis of APS group was significantly higher than that of normal model group(P<0.05).The normal group had more islet cells,plump granules,complete islet morphology and clear boundary.In the model group,the islet cells were severely damaged,the number decreased,the granules lost,the islets became smaller and the number decreased,showing amyloidosis,irregular morphological edges and obvious atrophy.In the APS group,there were more islet cells with complete morphology,but the islets became smaller and changed in morphology.

关 键 词：黄芪多糖 糖尿病 胰岛功能 胰高血糖素样肽-1 

分 类 号：R932[医药卫生—生药学] R587.1[医药卫生—药学]