真空下金属锂蒸发速率的测定与分析  

Determination and Analysis of Evaporation Rate of Lithium Metal in Vacuum

作　　者：蒋文龙[1,2] 杨佳琦 齐俊峰 赵云 黄大鑫 JIANG Wenlong;YANG Jiaqi;QI Junfeng;ZHAO Yun;HUANG Daxin(National Engineering Research Center for Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Science and Technology on Particle Transport and Separation Laboratory,Tianjin 300180,China;Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Engineering of Nuclear Industry,Tianjin 300180,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程研究中心,云南昆明650093 [2]粒子输运与富集技术国防科技重点实验室,天津300180 [3]核工业理化工程研究院,天津300180

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期1-6,共6页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：粒子输运与富集技术国防科技重点实验室开放基金项目(HZ2021K0038A)。

摘　　要：金属锂是能源、材料、航空等领域不可或缺的基础原材料,真空冶金是一种清洁高效的金属锂提取、提纯技术,但仍存在金属锂真空蒸馏基础数据不明,蒸发动力学数据缺失的问题.通过真空差重法对金属锂单质在不同温度、压强下的蒸发速率进行了测定,并与理论计算结果进行了对比,修正了金属Langmuir最大蒸发速率公式中的蒸发系数,在630℃、650℃和700℃下的蒸发系数分别为0.287、0.514和0.206,得到了金属锂在630℃、650℃和700℃下的临界压强为22.873 Pa、44.135 Pa和60.495 Pa.本研究为金属锂真空蒸发提供了动力学数据基础,也为金属锂真空冶金工艺条件和生产设备参数的改进提供了参考.Lithium is an indispensable basic raw material in energy,materials,aviation and other fields.Vacuum metallurgy is a clean and efficient extraction and purification technology of lithium metal.However,there are still some problems such as unclear basic data of vacuum distillation of lithium metal and lack of evaporation kinetics data.In this paper,the evaporation rate of lithium metal at different temperatures and pressures was measured by vacuum differential weight method,and compared with the theoretical calculation results.The evaporation coefficient of Langmuir metal maximum evaporation rate formula was revised,and the evaporation coefficient at 630℃,650℃and 700℃was 0.287,0.514 and 0.206,the critical pressure strength of lithium metal at 630℃,650℃and 700℃is 22.873 Pa,44.135 Pa and 60.495 Pa.This study provides dynamic data basis for vacuum evaporation of lithium metal as well as reference for the improvement of technological conditions and production equipment parameters of lithium metal vacuum metallurgy.

关 键 词：锂 真空蒸馏 蒸发速率 临界压强 

分 类 号：TF826.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]