氮·磷减施对滴灌春小麦干物质积累和产量的影响  

Effects of Reduced Application of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：李怀胜 张磊 LI Huai-sheng;ZHANG Lei(Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Ninth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops,Emin,Xinjiang 834300;College of Plant Sciences,Tarim University,Aral,Xinjiang 843300;Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Science,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第九师农业科学研究所,新疆额敏834300 [2]塔里木大学植物科学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第12期141-145,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“绿洲小麦水肥一体化技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD02004060);第九师科技专项“滴灌春小麦提质增效关键技术研究与示范”。

摘　　要：针对北疆区域水肥一体化条件下氮、磷减施保量问题,调研了农户施肥情况,以滴灌春小麦为研究对象,设计了氮、磷2因素4水平9种不同施肥处理方式进行试验,通过对滴灌春小麦干物质积累、产量和经济效益的分析,结果表明,化肥减施处理的干物质积累量、籽粒产量和经济效益提高。为了预测滴灌春小麦氮肥(N)最佳用量、磷肥(P_(2)O_(5))最佳用量以及氮磷肥适宜配施比例,构建了二元二次拟合曲线,建立施肥量和产量、经济效益的肥料模型。结果表明,水肥一体化条件下的氮、磷减施有利于滴灌春小麦干物质积累、籽粒产量和经济效益的增加。To address the problem of nitrogen and phosphorus reduction and conservation under water and fertilizer integration in the northern Xinjiang region,the fertilizer application was investigated.The method that focused on 9 different fertilizer application treatments with 2 factors and 4 levels of nitrogen and phosphorus for the drip irrigated spring wheat was designed.Dry matter accumulation,yield and economic benefit were analyzed.The result showed that dry matter accumulation,grain yield and economic benefit of chemical fertilizer reduction treatment were improved.To predict the optimal amount of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))and fertilizer application rate for drip irrigated spring wheat,a binary quadratic fitting curve was constructed to establish a fertilizer model based on fertilizer application rate,yield and economic efficiency.The results showed that the reduced application of N and P under the conditions of water fertilization was beneficial to the dry matter accumulation,seed yield and economic benefits of drip irrigated spring wheat.

关 键 词：滴灌春小麦 化肥减施 干物质积累 产量 肥料效应 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]