暗管排水条件下黄豆干物质分配特征及氮磷利用研究  

Study on Dry Matter Distribution Characteristics and Utilization of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soybean under Molepipe Drainage Conditions

作　　者：何军[1,2] 廖薇 张宇航 钟盛建 王平章 贺天忠[3] 马煜[3] 胡小梅[3] 郑传飞[3] HE Jun;LIAO Wei;ZHANG Yu-hang(College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang,Hubei 443002;Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education,China Three Gorges University,Yichang,Hubei 443002)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443002 [3]湖北省漳河工程管理局,湖北荆门448156

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第12期174-177,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省水利重点科研项目(HBSLKY201801);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508302)。

摘　　要：为探究暗管排水对黄豆干物质、氮磷分配及产量的影响机理,2020年在湖北省漳河灌区开展了自由排水(FD,埋深1.2 m)、定水位控制排水(FL,埋深0.6 m)、变水位控制排水(CL,埋深0.4~0.8 m)3种处理黄豆种植小区试验。结果表明:FL处理干物质积累总量比FD和CL处理分别高6.81%和4.07%,其果的干物质积累百分比分别比FD和CL处理高4.05和5.40百分点。FL处理的黄豆产量最高,达2353.6 kg/hm^(2),比FD和CL处理分别高19.4%和21.2%。控制排水条件会促进黄豆茎、梢以及果的干物质积累,尤其是暗管定水位控制排水处理对果实干物质积累的促进作用明显。FL处理植株总吸氮量比FD和CL处理分别高17.5%和11.3%,FL处理的总吸磷量分别比FD和CL处理高22.02%和32.34%。暗管定水位控制排水处理能提高植株的氮、磷肥吸收利用效率,从而提高黄豆产量,值得进一步推广。In order to explore the impact mechanism of molepipe drainage on the dry matter,nitrogen and phosphorus distribution and yield of soybean,plot experiment of soybean planting was conducted in Zhanghe Irrigation District of Hubei Province in 2020 under three treatments of free drainage(FD,buried depth of 1.2 m),fixed water-level drainage(FL,buried depth of 0.6 m),changeable water-level drainage(CL,buried depth of 0.4-0.8 m).The results showed that the total dry matter accumulation of FL treatment increased than FD and CL treatments by 6.81%and 4.07%respectively,and its dry matter proportion of fruit increased than FD and CL treatments by 4.05 and 5.40 percent points respectively.The soybean yield under FL treatment was the highest(2353.6 kg/hm^(2)),which increased than FD and CL treatments by 19.4%and 21.2%respectively.The controlled drainage conditions could promote the dry matter accumulationof soybean stems,shoots and fruits.Especially,molepipe fixed water-level drainage treatment had a significant effect on promoting the dry matter accumulation of soybean fruits.Plant nitrogen accumulation under FL treatment was 17.5%and 11.3%higher than that under FD and CL treatments,and phosphorus accumulation under FL treatment was 22.02%and 32.34%higher than that under FD and CL treatments respectively.The molepipe fixed water-level drainage treatment could improve the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in soybean plants,thereby the yield of soybean was improved,so it was worthy of promotion.

关 键 词：暗管控制排水 黄豆 干物质 产量 氮磷利用 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]