新加坡华文教育政策变迁研究  

The Study on Policy Changes of the Chinese Language Education in Singapore

作　　者：戴家毅[1] DAI Jia-yi(College of International Culture and Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 541004)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学国际文化教育学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2022年第2期169-176,共8页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金教育学一般项目“中国共产党民族教育政策百年成就、经验与意义研究”(项目编号:BMA210043)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在华人占多数人口的新加坡,华文教育政策无疑是一个高度敏感的议题,其形成背后有着多重因素的复杂权衡与考量,并在1965年新加坡独立建国至今半个多世纪里历经变革。从政策变迁的视角对新加坡独立建国以来的华文教育政策进行历史考察,对政策发展演变的历史进程、政策变迁的逻辑与特征以及主导和助推政策变迁的背后动因进行系统梳理和综合分析,以全面揭示新加坡华文教育政策形成与发展的变迁逻辑。研究表明,新加坡华文教育政策经历了从华文学校的改制到华文教育的改性再到华文教学的改良的演变过程;政策变迁主要呈现以华文作为华族母语的定位为逻辑起点和发展基调、制度断裂与制度渐进两种路径交织、从语言的政治性到民族性再到经济性的政策取向变化等特征;国内外生存环境与语言环境变化、稳定的政治体制和实用理性的执政理念共同构成推动政策变迁与转型的内外动力因素。中国的崛起为新加坡华文教育带来了良好发展机遇,在不改变英文主导地位的情况下,华文教育将会得到政府和社会的更加重视,华语在社会上的应用也将愈加普遍。In Singapore, where overseas Chinese dominate the population, Chinese language education policy is undoubtedly a highly sensitive issue. There are complex balance and considerations of multiple factors behind its formation, and the situation has undergone changes in over half a century since Singapore’s independence in 1965. This article takes historical investigation on Chinese language education policy since Singapore’s independence from the perspective of the policy change. It makes systematic review and anylasis on the historical process of policy development and evolution, the logic and characteristics of policy changes and the causes behind the leading and boosting policy changes, so as to comprehensively reveal the formation and development of Chinese education policy in Singapore. The research shows that Chinese language education policy in Singapore since 1965 has experienced the evolution process from the institutional reform of traditional Chinese schools to the change of the nature of Chinese language education and then the improvement of Chinese language teaching. The policy change mainly presents the Chinese language as the Chinese mother tongue as the logical starting point and keynote of development, interweaving paths of instituational fracture and institutional gradual advancing, features involving political nature of the language to the national nature and further to the economic policy orientation change. The change of living environment and language environment at home and abroad, the stable political institution and the pragmatic rational governing philosophy constitute the internal and external driving factors that promote the policy change and transformation. The rise of China has brought good opportunities for the development of Chinese language education in Singapore. Without changing the dominant position of English, Chinese language education will receive more attention from Singaporean government and society, and Chinese language will become more widely used in society.

关 键 词：新加坡 华文教育 双语教育 历史制度主义 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]