焦点算子“也”与情态动词的相对语序限制  

The Restriction of Word Order between Focus Operator “ye” and Modal Verbs

作　　者：修俊俊 XIU Jun-jun(Department of the Chinese Language,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310028)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学文学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《汉语学习》2022年第2期103-112,共10页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“对外汉语教学语法大纲研制和教学参考语法书系”(项目编号:17ZDA307);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“汉语情态的历时研究”(项目编号:15JJD740013)。

摘　　要：“也”与情态词的相对语序,在陈述句与问句中存在前后差异。造成这种现象的原因在于,“也”作为焦点敏感算子对所关联对象有信息量的要求。在陈述句中,情态词所辖命题为确定信息,“也”的辖域包含情态词及其所辖的命题,此时“也”可以出现于情态词之前;在问句中,以情态词构成的正反问无法提供足量信息,“也”的辖域为情态词之后的确定性信息,此时“也”则只能出现于情态词之后。The reliative order between the word“ye”and Modal verbs varies in a declarative sentence and interrogative sentence.It is resulted from the role“ye”plays-it is a focus-sensitive operator and requires its associated items to contain certain amount of information.In a declarative sentence,“ye”can make its appearance before as Modal verbs based on the following reasons.Firstly,the proposition governed by Modal verbs provides definite information.Secondly,“ye”governs both Modal verbs and their proposition.On the other side,“ye”can only position itself after a Modal word when it is in a“A-not-A”question.This is because in such a sentence Modal verbs can’t provide sufficient information and“ye”governs the definite information which is located after Modal verbs.

关 键 词：“也” “能不能” 焦点 情态 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]