冷蒿抗氧化防御系统对不同放牧强度的响应研究  

Response of Artemisia frigida antioxidant defense system to different grazing intensities

作　　者：张敏 张晓明 宛涛 蔡萍[3] 李红 伊卫东 宛诣超 葛云辉[3] ZHANG Min;ZHANG Xiaoming;WAN Tao;CAI Ping;LI Hong;YI Weidong;WAN Yichao;GE Yunhui(Wuhai Zehui Landscaping Engineering Co.,Ltd,Wuhai 016000,China;College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China;Grassland Ecology and Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College,Xilin Gol Vocational College,Xilinhot,026000,China)

机构地区：[1]乌海市泽汇园林绿化工程有限公司,乌海016000 [2]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,呼和浩特010018 [3]锡林郭勒职业学院草原生态与畜牧兽医学院,锡林浩特026000

出　　处：《草原与草业》2022年第2期20-26,共7页Grassland and Prataculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(31960358);内蒙古科技攻关重点项目资助(2019ZD007)。

摘　　要：长期过度放牧导致内蒙古草原严重退化,制约了牧区畜牧业经济的可持续发展。本文选取内蒙古典型草原退化初期的指示植物冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)为研究对象,分别采集了典型草原上的直立型冷蒿与荒漠草原上的匍匐型冷蒿,采用刈割模拟放牧的方式对冷蒿植株进行处理,以刈割留茬高度为1 cm、3 cm和5 cm分别来对应重度、中度和轻度放牧。在不同物候期测定刈割胁迫下不同生态型的冷蒿叶片中抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节相关物质等相关指标,分析冷蒿抗氧化防御系统对刈割胁迫的响应机制。研究结果为:(1)刈割处理后,从现蕾期到盛花期,随着刈割留茬高度的下降,冷蒿的超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性增加;当刈割留茬高度为1 cm时,匍匐型与直立型冷蒿相比,SOD酶活性的增长速率更快,增长了19.2%。(2)当刈割留茬高度为1 cm时,直立型冷蒿与匍匐型冷蒿的游离脯氨酸含量达最大值,分别为293.254μg/g和298.944μg/g。当刈割留茬高度为5 cm时,冷蒿可溶性蛋白含量最高,直立型冷蒿与匍匐型冷蒿可溶性蛋白含量分别为29.7 mg/g和27.9 mg/g。Long-term overgrazing led to serious degradation of the grassland in Inner Mongolia,which restricted the sustainable development of animal husbandry economy in pastoral area.Artemisia frigida,an indicator plant in the early stage of degradation of typical steppe in Inner Mongolia,was selected as the research object.The erect Artemisia frigida on typical steppe and the creeping A.frigida on desert steppe were collected respectively,and the plants were treated by mowing to simulate grazing.The stubble height of 1 cm,3 cm and 5 cm was corresponding to severe grazing,moderate grazing and light grazing,respectively.In order to analyze the response mechanism of A.frigidia antioxidant defense system to cutting stress,the activities of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulation related substances in leaves of different ecotypes under cutting stress were measured at different phenological stages.The results were as follows:(1)After cutting,SOD activity increased with the decrease of stubble height from budding stage to flowering stage.When the stubble height was 1 cm,SOD activity of creeping type increased faster than that of upright type,increasing by 19.2%.(2)When the stubble height was 1 cm,the content of free proline of erect and creeping A.frigida reached the maximum of 293.254μg/g and 298.944μg/g,respectively.When the stubble height was 5 cm,the soluble protein content of A.frigida was the highest,29.7 mg/g and 27.9 mg/g for upright and creeping A.frigida,respectively.

关 键 词：模拟放牧 刈割胁迫 生理生化指标 抗氧化防御体系 冷蒿 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]