2016—2020年佳木斯市大气颗粒物PM2.5中多环芳烃分布特征及来源解析  

Source analysis and distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 of Jiamusi from 2016 to 2020

作　　者：张晓丽[1] 吴晓敏[1] 包名家[1] 刘宝禄 张佳 张雪梅[1] 胡明辉[1] 缪明霞[1] 李奕 ZHANG Xiao-li;WU Xiao-min;BAO Ming-jia;LIU Bao-lu;ZHANG Jia;ZHANG Xue-mei;HU Ming-hui;MIAO Ming-xia;LI Yi(Physical Laboratory,Jiamusi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154007,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]黑龙江省佳木斯生态环境监测中心

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2022年第2期177-179,184,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：2020年黑龙江省卫生建康委立项科研课题(2020—355)。

摘　　要：目的分析佳木斯市大气颗粒物PM2.5中多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)的分布特征并对其来源进行解析。方法2016—2020年在佳木斯市的两个采样点,采集大气PM2.5样品,运用气相色谱串联质谱仪进行16种优先控制PAHs含量检测。结果2016—2020年年总PAHs浓度均值分别为31.32(279.41~0.40)、27.02(374.91~0.72)、24.54(316.24~0.72)、26.33(298.16~0.53)、12.36(87.63~0.51)ng/m^(3);PAHs浓度季节分布结果是冬季最高(24.71~88.35)ng/m^(3),夏季最低(3.03~7.52)ng/m^(3);PM2.5中苯并(a)芘(BaP)年均值2016—2020年分别为3.13、2.55、2.36、1.73、0.88 ng/m^(3),日均超标天数从2016年的45.31%降到2020年的6.25%;PAHs污染来源为生物质燃烧、机动车和燃煤。结论生物质燃烧、机动车和燃煤是佳木斯市PAHs的主要来源。污染的季节特征明显,冬季污染水平较高。佳木斯市PM2.5中PAHs污染水平逐年下降,政府对环境大气治理政策初见成效。Objective This paper aims to investigate and analysis the source and level of pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in PM2.5 of Jiamusi. Methods PM2.5 samples were collected from two sampling sites in Jiamusi from 2016 to 2020, and Concentrations of 16 kinds of PAHs were detected by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.Results From 2016 to 2020, the annual average concentrations of PAHs were 31.32(279.41~0.40)ng/m^(3), 27.02(374.91~0.72)ng/m^(3), 24.54(316.24~0.72)ng/m^(3), 26.33(298.16~0.53)ng/m^(3),12.36(87.63~0.51)ng/m^(3) separately. PAHs concentrations showed a seasonal variation: Winter is the hightest(24.71~88.35 ng/m^(3))and summer is the lowest(3.03~7.52 ng/m^(3)). The annual average concentrations of BaP in PM2.5 was 3.13,2.55,2.36,1.73,0.88 ng/m^(3) separately from 2016 to 2020.The number of dialy average concentrations exceeding the standard of BaP decreased from 45.31% in 2016 to 6.25% in 2020.The source of PHAs was biomass burning, motor vehicles and coal burning.Conclusion Biomass burning, motor vehicles and coal burning are primary source of PAHs in Jiamusi.The pollution of PAHs shows a distinct seasonal variation and the pollution levels is the highest in winter.The pollution level of PAHs in PM2.5 is coming down every year in Jiamusi.The environmental governance policy of goverment is effective.

关 键 词：PM2.5 多环芳烃 分布特征 来源解析 

分 类 号：R122.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]