牛都水电站狭窄河谷拱坝泄洪消能建筑体型优化试验研究  

Optimization Test Study of Narrow Valley Arch Dam Flood Discharge and Energy Dissipation Building Structure in Niudu Hydropower Station

作　　者：申洪波 SHEN Hongbo(Zunyi Survey and Design Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Co.,LTD.,Zunyi 563002,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义市水利水电勘测设计研究院有限责任公司,贵州遵义563002

出　　处：《中国水能及电气化》2022年第5期25-31,共7页China Water Power & Electrification

基　　金：贵州省水利科技项目(KT201905)。

摘　　要：针对牛都水电站工程洪峰流量大、坝体单薄、河道狭窄冲刷破坏严重等问题,文章结合水库水位流量特性,按1∶60模型比尺整体水工模型,对大坝优选的坝身3个表孔方案的泄洪消能性能进行试验。分析结果表明,原泄洪方案3孔水舌空中较分散、冲坑深度大且靠近坝轴线。优化调整后的“坝顶泄洪+滑雪道式小挑坎”消能方案,泄洪水流横向扩散、纵向拉开充分,空中对冲碰撞明显;同时水流出溢流堰后,均以明确的面流状态与下游河道衔接,两岸及河底冲刷较轻且远离坝轴线,泄洪消能效果好。运行观测证明优化调整后的泄洪消能建筑安全可靠、工程适宜性强。The characteristics of reservoir water level and discharge are combined in the paper in view of the problems in Niudu Hydropower Station,such as large peak discharge,thin dam body and serious erosion damage caused by narrow river channel,etc.The flood discharge and energy dissipation performance of three selected surface holes plan in the dam body is tested according to 1 ∶60 model scale overall hydraulic model.The analysis results show that the 3 holes water tongue in the original flood discharge scheme is scattered in the air,and the depth of the erosion pit is large and close to the dam axis.The energy dissipation scheme of “flood discharge at the dam crest + ski slope type small flip bucket” shows that the flood discharge water flow is concentrated horizontally and fully opened longitudinally,and the air collision is obvious after optimization and adjustment.Meanwhile,after the water flows out of the overflow weir,it is connected with the downstream river channel in a clear surface flow state.The scouring on both banks and bottom of the river is light and far away from the axis of the dam,so the effect of flood discharge and energy dissipation is excellent.The operation observation proves that the optimized flood discharge and energy dissipation structure is safe and reliable with strong engineering suitability.

关 键 词：牛都水电站 狭窄河谷 拱坝 泄洪消能 水工试验 

分 类 号：TV653[水利工程—水利水电工程]